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PART I Recommendations E.100 to E.216 INTERNATIONAL OPERATION |
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SECTION 1
DEFINITIONS
DEFINITIONS OF TERMS USED IN INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE
OPERATION
F: communication tel´ ephonique´
S: comunicacion´ telefonica´
The interconnection of two telephone stations.
F: demande de communication
S: peticion´ de comunicacion´
The first application made by the caller for a telephone call is called the call request.
In automatic service, the operation of the dial (or key-set) by the caller to obtain a call with his correspondent is comparable to the call request.
F: conversation tel´ ephonique´
S: conferencia telefonica´
An effective call over a connection established between the calling and the called stations.
F: circuit tel´ ephonique´ (international ou interurbain)
S: circuito telefonico´ (internacional o interurbano)
4.1 The whole of the facilities whereby a direct connection is made between two exchanges (manual or automatic) is called a telephone circuit.
The word ``international'' is applied to any relation between countries whether those countries are in the
same continent or not.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100 3
4.2 A circuit is called an international circuit when it directly connects two international exchanges in two different countries.
4 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100
4.3 The term trunk circuit | is reserved for the designation of exclusively national circuits.
Note -- The above definitions relate solely to the use of the terms in operational procedures, no matter how the circuits are actually made up.
F: centre international
S: central internacional
The exchange (at the end of an international telephone circuit) which switches a call destined to or originating from another country.
Administrations shall designate the exchanges in the territory they serve which are to be regarded as international exchanges.
F: centre de transit international
S: central de transito´ internacional
An international exchange chosen to establish telephone calls between two countries other than its own is called an international transit exchange.
F: exploitation avec preparation´
S: explotacion´ con preparacion´
In preparation operating, after the request is recorded by an operator in the outgoing international exchange another operator in the exchange sets up the call. After the requests have been put in order at the exchange, the controlling operator sees to it that the calling station is connected on the international circuit without loss of time.
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A distinction is made between: 1) advance preparation operating Advance preparation operating requires preparation at both the outgoing and incoming international exchanges. 2) outgoing preparation operating Outgoing preparation operating requires preparation at the outgoing international exchange only. |
F: exploitation en service rapide
S: explotacion´ en servicio rapido´
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100 5
In demand operating (manual or semiautomatic), after the request has been recorded in the outgoing international exchange, an immediate attempt to set up the call is made by the operator at this exchange who took the request.
A distinction is made between:
1) manual demand operating
There are two operating methods:
a) indirect manual demand operating
In this method of operating, the operator at the incoming international exchange always acts as an interpreter between the operator in the outgoing international exchange and the called party.
b) direct manual demand operating
In this method of operating, the operator in the outgoing international exchange speaks with the called party direct.
2) semiautomatic demand operating
In this method of operating, the operator in the outgoing international exchange controls the automatic switching operations to obtain either the called station, or an operator in the incoming or transit international exchange (or an operator in a manual exchange in the country of destination).
6 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100
F: service automatique
S: servicio automatico´
In the automatic service, the calling subscriber himself dials (or operates the key-set) the number necessary for connection with the called station.
F: voies d'acheminement
S: rutas
The routes followed by international telephone traffic are designated by agreement between Administrations. A distinction is made between:
-- primary routes,
-- secondary routes,
primary routes : The circuits normally used in a given relation.
secondary routes : The circuits to be used when the primary routes are congested, or when the transmission on the primary routes is not sufficiently good, or it is outside the normal hours of service on the primary routes.
The secondary route(s) may pass through the same countries as the primary routes or through different countries.
F: centre directeur
S: central directora
11.1 The exchange which is responsible for setting up calls and decides the order in which they are to be connected is called the controlling exchange.
11.2 The Administrations concerned shall agree among themselves to esignate the controlling exchange.
11.3 As a general rule, they shall select for this purpose:
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1) 2) |
when a single international circuit is used, the international exchange operating that circuit on the calling when two or more international circuits are used: |
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a) side, or b) |
either the international exchange which has access to the first international circuit on the calling party the international transit exchange designated by joint agreement of the Administrations concerned. |
Note -- It may be that the international circuits are not operated exclusively by operators at the international exchange where they end; operators at other international or national exchanges may also have access to them by means of an automatic transit device. In such circumstances these international or national exchanges must be treated as though they were a controlling exchange, as far as setting up calls is concerned.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100 7
F: operatrice´ directrice
S: operadora directora
The controlling operator is the outgoing operator in the controlling exchange who operates the international circuit. The controlling position is the position used by the controlling operator.
Note -- However, it may happen that the outgoing international circuit is also operated by an operator in an international or even a national exchange. If this is so, the latter operator is considered as controlling operator.
8 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100
F: phases successives d'une communication
S: fases sucesivas de una comunicacion´
The characteristic instants in the successive phases of the setting-up of an international telephone call in the manual or semiautomatic service are distinguished as follows:
t0 the caller has placed his request;
t1 the controlling operator has received all of the call details;
t2 the controlling operator has made the first attempt to set up the call (this instant corresponds practically to the seizure of the international circuit);
t3 the called number has replied or the caller has been informed why the call cannot be connected;
t4 the called person (or called extension) has been obtained or the caller has been informed why the call cannot be connected (the instant is only significant for personal calls);
t5 the end of the conversation, generally when the caller replaces the receiver;
t6 disconnection, normally when the international circuit is released by the operator.
Note -- In automatic service it is in general difficult to define all the characteristic instants specified above, either because it is impossible to distinguish between them with accuracy or because of differences between the switching systems used. It is, however, possible to define the total setting-up time (see definitions 17).
F: duree´ de la conversation
S: duracion´ de conferencia
The interval between the instant the call is actually established between the calling and the called stations and the instant the calling station gives the clearing signal (or the instant when, although the caller has not replaced his receiver, the call is:
-- in manual or semiautomatic service, officially cleared down by an operator,
-- in fully automatic service, cleared down after some slight delay by the action of the called subscriber's clear-back signal).
The time interval between:
a) t5 -- t3is the duration of a station call;
b) t5 -- t4is the duration of a personal call.
F: duree´ taxable -- duree´ taxee´
S: duracion´ tasable -- duracion´ tasada
15.1 The time interval on which the charge for a call is based is called the chargeable duration.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100 9
15.2 The chargeable duration is equal to the duration of the call reduced in manual or semiautomatic service, if necessary, to make allowance for any interruptions or other difficulties which might have occurred during the call.
15.3 The duration of a call for which the charge is paid by the calling subscriber (or the called subscriber in the case of a collect call) in the case of manual or semiautomatic operation, is the chargeable duration rounded upwards to the next whole minute.
10 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100
F: duree´ d'occupation du circuit international
S: duracion´ de ocupacion´ de un circuito internacional
The time interval t6 -- t2 | during which the circuit is used is the holding time of the international circuit.
This interval includes in particular the call duration, the operating time and the time taken to exchange service information.
Note -- The term ``operating time'' is meant to cover the time taken both by operators and switching equipment.
F: delai´ de reponse´ des operatrices;´ delai´ de transmission de la demande; delai´ d'attente; delai´
d'etablissement´ d'une communication internationale
S: demora en contestar de las operadoras; tiempo de transmision´ de la peticion;´ demora; tiempo de establecimiento de una comunicacion´ internacional
17.1 At the outgoing international exchange, the answering time of operators is the interval between the end of the transmission of the calling signal and its answer by an operator at the distant international exchange.
At the incoming international exchange, the answering time of operators is the interval between the appearance of a calling signal on a position or group of positions at that exchange and its answer by an operator.
17.2 The request transmission time is the time interval (t1 -- t0) taken in passing the call request to the controlling operator.
17.3 The time interval (t2 -- t1) is the delay to which the call is subject at the controlling exchange.
The caller is generally informed of this delay.
17.4 The setting-up time of a station call is the time interval (t3 -- t1). The total setting-up time of a personal call is the time interval (t4 -- t1). These times include any delay at the outgoing international exchange.
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Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100 11
MONTAGE: PAGE 8 = PAGE BLANCHE 12 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.100
SECTION 2
GENERAL PROVISIONS CONCERNING ADMINISTRATIONS
ORGANIZATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE NETWORK
1 Administrations shall agree among themselves upon the operating methods best suited to the needs of the international relations which concern them, taking into account the conditions and the possibilities of operation.
2 When there is preparation operating, international traffic should be decentralized, whenever circumstances justify it, by the creation of international exchanges in adequate numbers in the centre of the areas to be covered by the service to reduce waiting times and any lengthening of routes.
3 In the direct or indirect manual demand operating , it would be well to concentrate international traffic in a few international exchanges where major groups of international circuits end, so that international circuits may be more efficiently used, and in view, too, of the linguistic knowledge demanded of international operators
4 With semiautomatic and automatic service , it would also be well to concentrate international traffic in a few international exchanges because of:
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-- -- |
the high cost of the technical equipment required in incoming and outgoing international exchanges for this the linguistic knowledge required of operators , in the case of semiautomatic international service; and |
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the need to provide automatic transit in certain exchanges (international routing plan). |
However, it would be advisable, when the traffic justifies it, to provide certain international exchanges or national manual exchanges in a country with direct-access circuits to an international automatic exchange so that the operators in these exchanges can set up international semiautomatic calls in automatic relations without the intervention of an operator from the international exchange.
EXTENSION OF INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE SERVICES
Application of that provision of the Telephone Regulations [1] which states that Administrations shall endeavour to extend international telephone services to the whole of their territories might sometimes entail the establishment of calls leaving something to be desired from the point of view of transmission quality. It is therefore desirable:
1) to take no decision to create or extend a new relation unless such means are available as would provide satisfactory service;
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.111 13
2) to make the opening or extension of the relation dependent on the passing of satisfactory test calls.
Reference
[1] Final Acts of The World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference (Geneva, 1973) -- Telegraph Regulations -- Telephone Regulations , ITU, Geneva, 1973.
ARRANGEMENTS TO BE MADE FOR CONTROLLING THE TELEPHONE
SERVICES BETWEEN TWO COUNTRIES
Administrations shall agree among themselves upon the operating methods best suited to the needs of the international relations which concern them, taking into account the conditions and the possibilities of operation.
In controlling the organization of the telephone service in a given relation, Administrations might forego the conclusion of formal agreements signed by the heads of Administrations, as there is no need for such agreements in relations where the provisions of the Telephone Regulations [1] are mutually and fully accepted. On the following major points agreement can be reached by correspondence:
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-- -- -- -- -- -- |
Date on which the relation is to be opened. Means used to provide the connection: direct (transit) circuit; passage through a transit exchange; transit country or countries concerned. Classes of call admitted (List the classes of call and other media of communication, i.e., phototelegraph |
calls, programme transmissions and television transmissions).
-- Information: Specify the provisions adopted to permit the exchange of lists of the principal local networks with all the information necessary for routing and accounting of calls.
-- Charging and accounting.
Reference
[1] Final Acts of The World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference (Geneva, 1973) -- Telegraph Regulations -- Telephone Regulations , ITU, Geneva, 1973.
VALIDATION PROCEDURES FOR AN
AUTOMATED INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE CREDIT CARD SYSTEM
14 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.113
Preamble
Work is progressing to develop an automated international telephone credit card system as defined in Recommendation E.118.
The expanded use and the increased number of credit cards require card-issuing Administrations (or authorized agents) to implement adequate security against fraudulent use.
Therefore, a critical facet in the provision of such a system is the ability to ensure the validity of the card and its authorized use in a uniform manner. The purpose of this Recommendation is to define the procedures for the validation process between Administrations. This validation process makes no attempt to specify any equipment, facilities and data transmission techniques.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.113 15
It should be recognized that the procedures for validation of telephone credit cards between Administrations will vary, based on such factors as the capabilities of the credit card systems and the manner in which the card is presented. Flexibility in this process must be maintained in order to maximize participation of Administrations where automated interfaces may not exist or may not be uniformly available. Where such automated interfaces exist, a defined uniform implementation is desirable.
There are several methods to test the validity of credit cards. These may be divided into two general categories -- full validation and limited validation.
Full validation requires checking the card number against the card issuer's data base, as well as real-time communication between the call originating and card-issuing Administrations. Full validation is more thorough than other methods and is practical for automated or semi-automated credit card systems.
Limited validation may involve one or more techniques, such as a special character, a code, or a check against a partial data base, as determined by the card-issuing Administration and outlined in a service agreement. Limited validation methods minimize the need for communication between Administrations.
This Recommendation, however, deals only with full validation.
2.1 Validation information flow
The information from the card and/or the user is presented to a terminal having access to an Administration's telephone credit card system. That system should then communicate with the card user to validate the card and authorize its use.
The validation information flow comprises three messages:
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-- -- -- The |
authorization request, request response, call disposition. authorization request |
| is a message from the call-originating Administration to the card-issuing |
Administration which provides details of an attempt to use a telephone credit card allows the card issuer to query its own internal systems to respond to the call-originating Administration. The card-issuing Administration should then communicate with the call-originating Administration to provide either a positive or negative response (with a specific indication as to why the authorization should not be granted) to the authorization request . This message is defined herein as the request response . Feedback should then be given to the user of the card as to the status of the call attempt to the extent possible within the capabilities of the particular Administration's telephone system. A third message denoted as the call disposition would be sent, subject to agreements between Administrations and card issuers, by the call-originating Administration to the card-issuing Administration in a timely manner after completion of a call or call attempt. It would contain information to allow a more complete estimate of call activity.
Sections 2.2, 2.3 and 2.4 describe the functional components of the authorization request , the request response , and the call disposition messages respectively.
Table 1/E.113 provides a summary of the functional components and indicates the components which are required and those which are optional.
16 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.113
2.2 Authorization request
The following describes the basic component of a request from the call-originating Administration to the card-issuing Administration to validate a credit card and authorize its use.
2.2.1 Message type identifier (required)
A message type identifier should be included in this message. It is provided by the call-originating Administration to identify this message to the card-issuing Administration as the authorization request .
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.113 17
H.T. [T1.113]
TABLE 1/E.113
Validation information component summary
(Note 1)
center box; cw(84p) | cw(42p) sw(42p) sw(60p) , ^ | c | c | c. Component Messages Authorization request Request response
Call disposition (Note 4) _ lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Message type identifier R R R lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Message reference identifier R R R lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Primary account number R R R lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) .
{ Originating Administration identifier
} R -- -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Expiry date R (Note 2) -- -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . PIN R (Note 3) -- -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Calling telephone number O -- -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Called telephone number O -- -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Time and date stamp O -- -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Response code -- R -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) .
{ Customer sub-account number
} -- O -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Restriction indicator -- O -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Specified number(s) -- O -- lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Call disposition code -- -- R lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Call start time -- -- R lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Call end time -- -- R lw(84p) | cw(42p) | cw(42p) | cw(60p) . Estimated call charge -- -- O
R Required
O Optional
Note 1 -- Optional items are subject to agreements between Administrations.
Note 2 -- Required if encoded on the card.
Note 3 -- Required if implemented by the card issuer.
Note 4 -- This entire message is optional and is subject to agreements between Administrations (see § 2.4).
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2.2.2 |
Message reference identifier (required) |
Tableau 1/E.113 [T1.113], p.1 |
A message reference identifier should be included in this message. Its purpose is to uniquely relate this message to a specific validation transaction.
2.2.3 Primary account number (required)
The primary account number (19 visible characters -- maximum) of the card as defined in Recommendation E.118 should be included in this message as it was obtained from the card or the user. Part of the primary account number, the issuer identification number, can be used by the call-originating Administration to identify the card-issuing Administration.
2.2.4 Originating Administration identifier (required)
The call-originating Administration identifier should be included in this message and can be used by the card-issuing Administration to identify the Administration accepting the telephone credit card. The call-originating Administration identifier should contain the issuer identification number of the originating Administration.
18 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.113
2.2.5 Expiry date (required)
The expiry date of the card, if one is specified, should be included in this message. The inclusion of this information should not relieve the originating Administration, within the capabilities of its local credit card system, from ensuring that the card has not expired.
2.2.6 Personal identification number (PIN) (required)
The use of a PIN is left to the discretion of the card issuer. This information can be used by the card issuer to identify the user and, as applicable, authorize the use of the card. If present, the personal identification number, whether presented by the user or encoded on the card, should be included in this message and preferably be encrypted. The length of the PIN is left to the discretion of the card-issuing Administration.
2.2.7 Calling telephone number (optional)
The full international calling telephone number, when available, should be included in this message. The use of this information is subject to agreements between Administrations. This information is necessary for some Administrations to manage the restricted use of some cards as well as for card-issuing Administrations to ensure that the proper agreements exist to bill, collect, and settle for, the call.
2.2.8 Called telephone number (optional)
The full international called telephone number should be included in this message. The use of this information is subject to agreements between Administrations. This information is necessary for some Administrations to manage the restricted use of some cards as well as for card-issuing Administrations to ensure that the proper agreements exist to bill, collect, and settle the call.
2.2.9 Time and date stamp (optional)
A time and date stamp should be included in this message. This information should contain the month, day, hour, minute and second in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC), that the authorization request is entered into the system.
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2.3 |
Request response The following describes the basic components of the response from the card-issuing Administration to an authorization request . |
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2.3.1 |
Message type identifier (required) A message type identifier should be included in this message. It is provided by the card-issuing Administration to identify this message to the |
call-originating Administration as the request response .
2.3.2 Message reference identifier (required)
A message reference identifier should be included in this message. Its purpose is uniquely to relate this message to a specific validation transaction.
2.3.3 Primary account number (required)
The primary account number as described in § 2.2.3 should be included in this message. It is provided here for closure between the authorization request and the request response .
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.113 19
2.3.4 Response code (required)
The response code should be included in this message to indicate the result of the authorization request . Specific definitions and their corresponding codes are left for further study. Possible conditions for responses may include:
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-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- |
Service approved Service approved on a limited basis: see §§ 2.3.6 and 2.3.7 Service denied: credit threshold exceeded or due to non-payment Service denied: invalid account number or invalid account number/PIN combination Service denied: incorrect PIN (subsequent attempts to re-enter may be allowable) Service denied: allowable PIN tries exceeded (each card-issuing Administration may set limit; e.g., 3 tries) Service denied: expired card Service denied: restricted account number or account number/PIN combination Service denied: call not permitted from station (i.e., no agreement between card-issuing Administration |
and call-originating |
Administration)
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-- -- -- -- |
Service denied: card-issuing Administration validation database is unavailable Service denied: validation attempt on wrong card issuer Error in message format (i.e., message garbled) Message type not processable due to missing or incomplete information. |
Use of, and action on, particular response codes are subject to agreements between concerned Administrations. For some of the above response conditions, separate retry thresholds should be defined.
Any feedback provided to the card user should not assist a fraudulent user in subsequent attempts at unauthorized use of the credit card.
2.3.5 Customer sub-account number (optional)
The customer sub-account number is used to provide the card holder with telecommunications expense control where multiple PIN numbers are associated with a single primary account number. This information is intended to be stored for subsequent inclusion in the billing record so that the billed customer may properly allocate expenses.
2.3.6 Restriction indicator (optional)
The restriction indicator tells the call-originating Administration that the card being used is restricted and provides the nature of the restriction. The use of this item is subject to agreement between Administrations and is provided as a supplement to the response code described above to manage restricted cards.
2.3.7 Specified number(s) (optional)
A card holder may be restricted to using the card to call only one or more specified numbers. If the called number is not related to the card's account number, this component would pass that restricted number(s) to the call-originating Administration. The use of this component is subject to agreement between Administrations and is provided as a supplement to the response code described above to manage restricted cards.
2.4 Call disposition (optional)
The following describes the basic components of a response from the call-originating Administration to the card-issuing Administration to track usage of the card against the customer's credit limit and gather other statistics, to meet operational needs.
20 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.113
The main purpose of this additional message is to provide, on a timely basis, better control over potential fraudulent use of the credit card. It is not meant as a substitute for billing and settlement mechanisms which may be defined by other Recommendations.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.113 21
2.4.1 Message type identifier (required)
A message type identifier should be included in this message. It is provided by the call-originating Administration to identify this message to the card-issuing Administration as the call disposition .
2.4.2 Message reference identifier (required)
A message reference identifier should be included in this message. Its purpose is uniquely to relate this message to a specific validation transaction.
2.4.3 Primary account number (required)
The primary account number as described in § 2.2.3 above should be included in this message. It is provided here for closure between the authorization request and the call disposition .
2.4.4 Call disposition code (required)
The call disposition code should be included in this message. Specific codes need to be defined to indicate whether the call is completed or not completed. Further study is required.
2.4.5 Call start time (required)
The date and time at which the call started should be included in this message. If the call disposition code indicates that this call failed, this item of information should indicate the date and time of such failure. The information should contain the month, day, hour and minute in Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
2.4.6 Call end time (required)
The date and time at which the call ended should be included in this message. This information should contain the month, day, hour and minute in UTC.
2.4.7 Estimated call charge (optional)
The estimated call charge should be included in this message.
SUPPLY OF LISTS OF SUBSCRIBERS
(DIRECTORIES AND OTHER MEANS)
1 Each Administration shall supply by mutual agreement and free of charge to the Administrations with which a telephone service exists a sufficient number of copies of its lists of subscribers for official use.
2 A subscriber wishing to obtain a telephone directory of another country must apply to his own Administration. If an application for one of its telephone directories is received directly by an Administration from a subscriber in a foreign country, the receiving Administration shall inform the subscriber that such requests should be addressed to his own Administration.
22 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.114
3 An Administration which has supplied telephone directories of its own country to another Administration for distribution to subscribers shall indicate the sale price of the directories plus any postal charges (in principle expressed in gold francs) for the use of the receiving Administration.
4 Accounting concerning the supply of such directories for subscribers' use shall be conducted according to the usual procedure followed between Administrations (see Recommendation D.170 [1]), unless Administrations, by mutual agreement, elect to forego such accounting.
Reference
[1] CCITT Recommendation Monthly telephone accounts , Rec. D.170.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.114 23
COMPUTERIZED INFORMATION SERVICE FOR TELEPHONE SUBSCRIBER NUMBERS
IN FOREIGN COUNTRIES
(DIRECTORY ASSISTANCE), RESERVED FOR OPERATORS
The method to be followed in providing the customers and operators in one country with information on the national significant telephone numbers (as specified in Recommendation E.160) of subscribers in another country depends on the way the information service is organized in the country of destination, distance between the countries, operating procedures, etc.
The operator in the country of origin dealing with international inquiries should be able to obtain information, depending on the organization of the inquiry service in each country, by one of the following methods:
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a) b) c) -- |
from telephone directories; from other information systems sent by the country of destination and kept up-to-date (e.g., microfiches); by calling the information service operator in the country of destination: outgoing operators in the originating country should, where language and other conditions permit, have direct access to the |
appropriate foreign information centre(s) which hold, or are able to obtain from other centres up-to-date information;
-- where language and other conditions do not permit the outgoing operator to have direct access to the appropriate foreign information centre, the outgoing operator should call the operator in the international exchange of the country of destination;
-- where access to a number of information centres is possible, provision should be made for access to a centralized international information centre or assistance operator in case the originating operator encounters language or other difficulties;
d) by having access to foreign information service computers:
-- either via a national computer using appropriate procedures;
-- or, in special circumstances, via direct access using dedicated or switched connections.
In any relation, Administrations should abide by the following general principles:
a) Inquiries from customers concerning foreign subscribers' numbers should normally be addressed to operators in the country of origin who will obtain the required information; it may be useful to keep the customer on line while this information is being sought.
b) In order to give operators in the country of origin ready access to the international telephone inquiry service in other countries, it is desirable that Administrations, in conformity with Recommendation E.149, provide common routing codes or abbreviated access numbers to the foreign computerized or manual telephone inquiry services.
c) Technical arrangements should, as far as practicable, prevent access by a subscriber of one country to an operator of the telephone information service of another country. Administrations should not communicate access numbers of telephone information services in foreign countries to their subscribers (except in cases covered in Recommendation E.128).
24 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115
d) Exceptionally, however, subscribers in one country may be permitted to have access to the information service in another country subject to bilateral agreement between the Administrations concerned.
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e) -- -- f ) |
An international system should be able to provide: for the desired correspondent: his international number; for the locality in which this correspondent resides: the country code and the trunk code. No secret numbers should be issued. |
For the organization of an interconnected computerized international information service, Administrations should abide by the following principles:
a) The international system should be so designed that national systems can be used; each Administration should adapt its system to the international system by means of the appropriate interface procedures.
b) The operator should be able to supply the fullest search data possible, in order to avoid a situation in which the number of subscribers matching the search criteria exceeds the maximum capacity of a single response message.
c) To overcome language difficulties, the questions put to a remote system containing the file to be consulted should be formulated in the language used in the country concerned. This means that the language problems raised by certain inquiry and response features should be resolved by the country making the inquiry.
d) Where, in a given country, the files have been allocated to different computers integrated in a single system, access to the system from a foreign country should be possible via a designated computer.
e) Formats for inquiry and response procedures should be standardized.
f ) A question should give rise to only one response message with no dialogue between computers. The response message may cover several subscribers where such subscribers match the search characteristics introduced in the system. The maximum number of subscribers mentioned in a response message depends both on the maximum capacity prescribed for the type of message in question and on the limitations imposed by national systems. Any dialogue concerning all the information provided should be prepared at the national level.
g) With regard to the management of messages, there is no relationship between the inquiry and the response; where for any reason the response to a particular question has not been obtained, the inquiry must be reiterated by the requesting country and on its initiative.
h) To realise the interconnection of computers of different countries, the network procedures described in Annex A should be used. For the highest levels (above level 3), the procedures will be the subject of further study.
i) The structure and coding of the Entry and Reply formats will use the notation defined in Recommendations X.208 and 209, and are described in Annex B.
When operator access is given via a national computer to foreign information service computers, unless modified by bilateral agreement, the following minimum standards should apply to the inquiry and response process, to permit maximum flexibility in the national information service and compatibility with the international information service.
5.1 Input information
5.1.1 The operator should request information using the details supplied by the caller, according to the following format:
-- country, locality (geographical area), surname, first name(s) or initial(s), trade or residential address (street name and number), supplementary data (according to bilateral agreement).
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 25
5.1.2 Country code, locality (or geographical area) and surname are minimum requirements.
5.1.3 The foreign system should reply to every question asked. If the foreign computer indicates that the information supplied is insufficient, the question should be repeated with more selective information.
26 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115
5.1.4 Certain specified conditions, i.e. the number is not available (secret number, no listing, etc.) or further information has to be obtained, may be indicated by a standardized coded response.
5.2 Output information
The output from the foreign computer system should give the following information as available in the data base, in order to identify the accuracy of the telephone number:
-- surname, first name(s) or initial(s), address, locality, country code, national significant number.
5.3 Alphabet to be used
The use of punctuation marks will be studied at a later stage.
5.3.1 The Latin alphabet should be employed for inquiries and responses in communication between computers. The systems must in general be able to use the following characters :
-- 26 capital letters A | (hy |
-- 10 figures 0 | (hy |
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-- space, full stop according to International Telegraph Alphabet No. 2 (Recommendation S.1 [1]). 5.3.2 Special signs associated with letters are not transmitted. 5.4 Description of standardized inquiry and response messages |
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The standard formats for inquiry and response shown in Figure 1/E.115 should be used |
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5.4.1 |
Inquiry format The question contains the following information: a) Message heading 1) obligatory -- message code identifying a request to the international inquiry service; -- codes identifying the countries of origin and destination; these codes |
normally consist of the country code (see |
Recommendation E.163);
-- code of the originating terminal. This code should not be used by the receiving country but should be repeated in identical fashion in the response format.
|
2) -- i) date |
optional areas reproduced identically in the response: and time of the origin of the inquiry: |
Format: YYMMDDHHMMSS |
ii) message number given by the local country.
b) Data
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 27
1) basic data
-- locality
The name of the locality should be introduced according to its exact spelling. Special signs should be replaced by spaces and each space must be introduced as a space.
Abbreviations are not permitted, except for the words ``Sint'', ``Saint'', ``Sankt'', ``San'', . | | , which are abbreviated by the letter ``S'' followed by a space.
The mandatory minimum number of characters to be input should be fixed by each country and be mentioned in an operator's manual. The system of the outgoing country should check whether this minimum is respected. When the name is completely input, it should be followed by a full stop.
The problem of exact native spelling is subject to further study.
28 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 29
-- surname or trade name of subscriber
The subscriber's surname should be input according to its exact spelling.
Special signs, including the full stop, should be replaced by spaces and each space must be introduced as a space. Abbreviations should not be allowed. The mandatory minimum number of characters to be input should be fixed by each country and be mentioned in the operator's manual.
The system of the outgoing country should check whether this minimum is respected. When the surname is completely input, it should be followed by a full stop. When the subscriber's surname or trade name is replaced by initials, the characters composing the acronym should be introduced successively without being separated by special signs or spaces.
Numbers forming part of names or acronyms should be introduced as numbers.
2) additional data | for making the search easier)
-- name of street or address
The name of the street should be input according to its exact spelling, the complete name of the street being retained. Special signs, including the full stop, should be replaced by spaces and each space must be input as a space.
The words ``Sint'', ``Saint'', ``Sankt'', ``San'', . | | should be abbreviated by the letter ``S'' followed by a space. The mandatory minimum number of characters to be input should be fixed by each country and be mentioned in the operator's manual. The system of the outgoing country should check whether this minimum is respected. If the name is completely input, it should be followed by a full stop. Numbers forming part of the name of the street should be introduced as numbers.
|
-- number of premises The numerical part of the house number should precede the alphabetical part without separation. Non-significant zeros should be omitted. -- subscriber's first name Entire first names, initials or a combination of first names and initials should always be separated by spaces. -- supplementary data This data will not be introduced without there first being a bilateral agreement; it must be preceded by a 2-character code. The following codes have been defined: 00 = the heading in the guide (e.g., schools) 01 = profession code 02 = instruction for a selective search 03 = the country or province 04 = the category to which the required subscriber number belongs: business, residential or public service. On the basis of the above data, the computer of destination searches in its files. |
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5.4.2 |
Structure of the inquiry ENTRY message |
1010 0000 Directory message (telephone)
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LENGTH 1010 0000 Telephone |
Telephone (entry) |
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LENGTH 0011 0000 Entry |
Entry |
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LENGTH 30 Fascicle II.2 |
-- Rec. E.115 |
0110 0000 Part 1
LENGTH
1000 0000 Message indicators
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LENGTH Message indicators 1000 0001 International |
indicators |
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LENGTH International indicators |
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Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 31 |
1000 0010 Originating Terminal code
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LENGTH Originating terminal code 1000 0011 Date and |
Time (optional) |
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LENGTH Date and time |
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1000 0100 Message number (optional) LENGTH Message number 0110 0001 Part 2 LENGTH |
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1000 0000 Locality LENGTH Locality 1000 0001 Subscriber name LENGTH Subscriber Name 1000 0010 Street name (optional) LENGTH Street Name |
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1000 0011 LENGTH House Number 1000 0100 |
House number (optional) First name (optional) |
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LENGTH First Name 1000 0101 |
Heading (optional) |
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LENGTH Heading 1000 0110 |
Profession (optional) |
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LENGTH Profession 1000 0111 |
Supplementary information for search (optional) |
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LENGTH |
Supplementary information for search
32 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115
1000 1000 Country/Province (optional)
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LENGTH Country or province 1000 1001 Category |
(optional) |
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LENGTH Category 5.4.3 Response |
format |
The response contains the following information:
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a) 1) -- -- |
Message heading obligatory message code identifying an answer to the international inquiry service; codes identifying both the answering country and the requesting country; these codes normally consist of the country code (see |
Recommendation E.163);
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-- 2) -- i) date |
code of the originating terminal. optional areas generated by the country of the input message: and time |
ii) message number.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 33
b) Message code and international prefix
-- message code
Always included and common in all answer messages. The coded message must be converted to text by the calling country.
The following codes have been defined:
|
00 = 01 = 02 = 03 = 04 = 05 = |
one or some subscribers have been found locality insufficiently defined; no subscriber number is forthcoming street name insufficiently defined; no subscriber number is forthcoming no subscriber has been found fault or congestion; no subscriber number is forthcoming the number of subscribers who correspond to the selection criteria exceeds the maximum capacity for the message. Re-enter the |
question with more precise information. No subscriber number is forthcoming.
06 = partial fault or congestion. The list of subscriber numbers who correspond to the selection criteria is not complete.
07 = the number of subscribers who correspond to the selection criteria exceeds the maximum capacity of the message. The list of subscriber numbers answering to the selection criteria is not complete. Re-enter eventually the question using more precise indicators.
08 = insufficient search elements have been entered. Re-enter the question with more information. No subscriber number is forthcoming.
-- international prefix (in accordance with the CCITT Recommendations) -- 3 characters:
i) aligned from the left (if necessary, supplemented by spaces).
|
c) -- -- -- -- i) ii) -- -- -- |
Data I trunk code (in accordance with the CCITT Recommendations) -- 5 characters zone number: aligned from the left (if necessary, supplemented by spaces); zeros if no subscriber has been found or if a subscriber's number is not to be disclosed; subscriber's number (in accordance with the CCITT Recommendation) -- 8 characters: aligned from the left (if necessary, supplemented by spaces), zeros if no subscriber has been found or if a subscriber's number is not to be disclosed; locality, subscriber's surname or trade name, first name, address, number of premises, supplementary data: data concerning the subscriber found. If no subscriber has been found, the zone of the corresponding data in the question format; subscriber message: |
The coded message which must be converted into text by the calling country.
The following codes have been defined:
00 = no comment
01 = subscriber changed address
02 = refer to distant operator.
d) ``Data 2-n''
-- contains the continuation of the selection if other subscribers have been selected. Each supplementary selection uses the same form as in the layout ``data I ''.
34 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115
5.4.4 Structure of the response
REPLY message
1010 0000 Directory message (telephone)
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LENGTH 1010 0001 |
Telephone (reply) |
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LENGTH 0011 0000 |
Reply |
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LENGTH |
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 35 |
0110 0011 Part 1
LENGTH
1000 0000 Message indicators
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LENGTH Message indicators 1000 0001 International indicators LENGTH International indicators 1000 0010 Originating terminal code LENGTH Originating terminal code |
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1000 0011 LENGTH Date and Time 1000 0100 |
Date and time (optional) Message number (optional) |
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LENGTH |
Message number
0110 0100 Part 2
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LENGTH 1000 0000 |
Message code |
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LENGTH Message code 1000 0001 |
International prefix |
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LENGTH |
International prefix
0110 0101 Part 3 (optional)
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LENGTH 0011 0001 |
Selection |
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LENGTH 1000 0000 |
Trunk code |
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LENGTH Trunk code 1000 0001 |
Telephone number |
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LENGTH |
Telephone number
36 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115
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1000 0010 LENGTH Locality 1000 0011 |
Locality Subscriber name |
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LENGTH Subscriber name 1000 0100 |
First name (optional) |
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LENGTH First Name 1000 0101 |
Street name |
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LENGTH Street name 1000 0110 |
House number |
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LENGTH House number 1000 0111 |
Supplementary data (optional) |
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LENGTH |
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Supplementary data 1000 1000 Subscriber message (optional) LENGTH Subscriber message |
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0011 0001 LENGTH 1000 0000 |
Selection Trunk code |
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LENGTH Trunk code |
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 37 |
5.4.5 The different parts of the inquiry formulated by the operator of the country of origin should be converted by the national computer into the international standard format. The different parts of the response transmitted in the international standard format should be converted by the computer of the country which made the request into its national format.
Note -- As specified in Article 106 of the Instructions for the International Telephone Service [2], no charge is made for obtaining information in accordance with Article 51 of the Instructions , even when this requires the use of an international circuit.
However, some Administrations may reserve the possibility of applying certain charges in the future. The amounts charged would remain a national arrangement.
ANNEX A
(to Recommendation E.115)
Directory services interconnect bearer services
A.1 Introduction
The interconnection of International Directory Databases should be network independent.
The general structure for the arrangement of the physical link (OSI layer 1), link access (OSI layer 2) and network layer (OSI layer 3) are as outlined in Figure A-1/E.115. Where Administrations have provided similar equipment, interconnection may be arranged by bilateral agreement to suit local requirements. This method of interconnection is solely the matter of the Administrations concerned.
38 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115
Figure A-1/E.115, p.3 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 39
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A.2 |
Identification The types of bearer services considered applicable for directory inquiry interconnect are: i) packet switched public data network (PSPDN); ii) circuit switched public data network (CSPDN); iii) public switched telephone network (PSTN); iv) Administration leased line (point-to-point). With possible evolution to ISDN, Signalling System No. 7 includes message transfer part and message handling systems. |
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A.3 |
Network interconnection The choice of network to be used for the interconnection of computer-based directory systems should be agreed bilaterally. However, to |
achieve commonality across all types of networks, the link, data transfer and call procedures, as specified in the appropriate Recommendations, should be used.
ANNEX B
(to Recommendation E.115)
Formal definitions of directory messages
Directory Message :: = CHOICE { elephone [1], Other [0 }
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Telephone :: = CHOICE { ntry [0], Reply [1 } Entry :: = SEQUENCE { art 1, Part } Part 1 :: = [APPLICATION 0] IMPLICIT SE { MessageIndicators [0] IMPLICIT IA5String, InternationalIndicators [1] IMPLICIT IA5String, OriginatingTerminalCode [2] IMPLICIT IA5String, DateAndTime [3] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, MessageNumber [4] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONA } Part 2 :: = [APPLICATION 1] IMPLICIT SE { |
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Locality [0] IMPLICIT IA5String, SubscriberName [1] IMPLICIT IA5String, StreetName [2] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, HouseNumber [3] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, FirstName [4] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, Heading [5] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, Profession [6] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, SupplementaryInfoForSearch [7] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, CountryOrProvince [8] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, Category [9] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONA } 40 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 |
Reply :: = SEQUENCE { art 1, Part 2, Part 3 OPTIONA }
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Part 1 :: = [APPLICATION 3] IMPLICIT SE { MessageIndicators [0] IMPLICIT IA5String, InternationalIndicators [1] IMPLICIT IA5String, OriginatingTerminalCode [2] IMPLICIT IA5String, DateAndTime [3] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, MessageNumber [4] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONA } Part 2 :: = [APPLICATION 4] IMPLICIT SE { |
MessageCode [0] IMPLICIT IA5String,
InternationalPrefix [1] IMPLICIT IA5String
Part 3 :: = [APPLICATION 5] IMPLICIT SET of Selection
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.115 41
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Selection :: = IMPLICIT SE { TrunkCode [0] IMPLICIT IA5String, TelephoneNumber [1] IMPLICIT IA5String, Locality [2] IMPLICIT IA5String, SubscriberName [3] IMPLICIT IA5String, FirstName [4] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, StreetName [5] IMPLICIT IA5String, HouseNumber [6] IMPLICIT IA5String, SupplementaryData [7] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONAL, SubscriberMessage [8] IMPLICIT IA5String OPTIONA } |
References
[1] CCITT Recommendation International telegraph alphabet No. 2 (ITA2) Rec. S.1.
[2] CCITT Instructions for the International Telephone Service (1st October 1985), ITU, Geneva, 1985.
INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE CREDIT CARDS FOR USE IN
A NON-AUTOMATED ENVIRONMENT
Preamble
This Recommendation concerns only credit card usage in a non-automated environment with the assistance of an operator. The automated international telephone credit card system is described in Recommendation E.118.
1 Credit cards may be issued by Administrations to allow a credit card customer to make telephone calls in the international service at the appropriate charges for each call and have the charges billed to his account in the country which issued the credit card.
The international credit card system should normally be used for calls to the country of the card issuer unless it has been decided otherwise by bilateral agreement between Administrations.
2 The use of credit cards may be allowed for station and personal calls (including data and conference calls).
Station calls paid with credit cards may be subject to a special flat-rate charge to be fixed by the billing Administration.
Personal calls paid with credit cards are subject to a special flat-rate charge to be fixed by the billing Administration.
3 If the holder of a credit card is to derive the maximum benefit from it, he should not be required to show the card at a telephone office; he should be able to make his calls over the telephone, simply quoting the card number to the operator. The number on the card should provide sufficient guarantee of the card's validity.
4 There would be certain advantages in standardizing the general format and numbering scheme together with usage procedures for credit cards used in the international service. This would facilitate the recognition of such cards in hotels, etc., and the handling of calls. It is a matter for national decision whether separate cards are issued for the national and the international telephone services, or whether one card will serve both purposes.
42 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.116
5 Credit cards issued for use in the international service (whether or not they are used for the national service as well) should, as far as practicable, conform with the following specifications:
5.1 Size
The credit card should be designed to be carried conveniently on one's person. Current ISO standards define the dimensions of financial transaction cards to be 85.60 mm × 53.98 mm (3.370 × 2.125 inches) and the CCITT considers that telephone credit cards issued by Administrations should have similar dimensions.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.116 43
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5.2 |
Information content The information on an international telephone credit card should clearly include: 1) the name of the issuing Administration and, where appropriate, the country |
of issue; |
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2) the card number (on a combined national/international card, the national |
number, if different, should be appropriately designated), |
and optionally includes:
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5.3 |
3) 4) 5) |
the card holder's name and signature; the date of expiry; instructions on how the card should be used. (Some Administrations may prefer to issue instructions separately.) Numbering system |
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The numbering of the card to be issued by Administrations shall be as described in Recommendation E.118, § 3.2. |
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5.4 |
Issuer identifier number assignment and registration procedure a) The procedure for the assignment of specific issuer identifier numbers is described in Recommendation E.118, § 3.3. b) An illustrative registration form can be found in Figure 2/E.118. |
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5.5 |
Transition process Guidelines for Administrations to make the transition from the old to the new numbering scheme are contained in Annex A. ANNEX A (to Recommendation E.116) Transition process to the new account number structure |
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A.1 |
Background Generally, in today's environment, telephone credit card systems are implemented in a non-automated fashion with the customer typically |
presenting an international account number verbally to an operator.
Recommendation E.118, pertaining to an automated international telephone credit card system, requires a change in the structure of the account number.
It is not expected that all Administrations, or even a majority of them, will implement automated telephone credit card systems in the near future. Those Administrations planning to implement automated systems will need to continue to accept non-automated cards. Conversely, Administrations continuing to provide non-automated card service will need to accept the new automated card numbering structure.
Therefore, to facilitate both needs, a change in the account number structure for non-automated cards is necessary; the account number structure contained in Recommendation E.118 is usable in both automated and non-automated environments.
Because of the cost of issuing international telephone credit cards, Administrations will continue to use the current validity code until transitioning to the account number structure as defined in Recommendation E.118.
44 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.116
For background information, the old numbering system, as extracted from Recommendation E.116 from the VIIIth Plenary Assembly Red Book , is shown below:
`` Numbering system
For international purposes the credit card will be composed of two parts:
-- the first part will consist of a code to indicate the country of issue followed by a letter denoting the 5-year period of validity;
-- the second part will consist of the credit card number assigned by the issuing Administration.
Administrations may incorporate a simple validation check within the credit card number which could be changed when new cards are issued.''
A.2 The plan
The following transition plan will accommodate a range of implementation schedules by Administrations: The use of the current validity code will be extended until December 31, 1993 to allow all Administrations to make the transition to the new account number structure without requiring an interim reissue of credit cards.
Pending appropriate service agreements, Administrations should be prepared to accept the new account number format as early as January 1, 1989.
|
The transition to the new account number Administrations should expect to accept credit cards Administrations will be expected to have reissued cards |
structure shall be completed by 31 December 1993. During the transition period, containing account numbers conforming to both numbering schemes. At this time all using the new account number structure. See Figure A-1/E.116. Figure A-1/E.116, p. |
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PROVISIONS CONCERNING THE DEVICE SUBSTITUTING
A SUBSCRIBER IN HIS ABSENCE
1 Precautions will have to be taken by the Administrations to warn callers of the presence on the called subscriber's line of a device substituting him in his absence:
a) Devices of this type should be indicated in the telephone directories by means of a special sign .
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.117 45
b) Administrations should invite the owners or renters of such equipment to mention the fact on their letterheads by means of a printed indication.
2 To facilitate the disposal of international traffic on a device of this type, the Administrations should, when consenting to this equipment, insist that it complies with the essential conditions set out in the following Annex.
46 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.117
ANNEX A
(to Recommendation E.117)
Basic specifications for
recording apparatus
substituting the called subscriber
A.1 Operating conditions
A.1.1 Delay in answering
The ringing current from the telephone exchange should be permitted to operate the telephone bell for at least 3 seconds but for not more than 10 seconds before the call is answered by the apparatus. This will enable the call to be answered in the normal way in those countries which wish to provide for such a facility. The timing of this interval (3 to 10 seconds) should be independent of the periodicity or the duration of the ringing current.
A.1.2 Normal conditions for metering and supervision
In answering a call the apparatus should loop the subscriber's line and should also give the normal conditions for control of metering and for supervision as with a normal subscriber's installation. The disconnection of the apparatus shall break the loop on the subscriber's line.
A.1.3 Announcement of the presence of the apparatus
A.1.3.1 The presence of the apparatus should be indicated to the calling party by means of a verbal announcement following, in principle, immediately on the closing of the loop on the subscriber's line.
A.1.3.2 This verbal announcement should include, in particular, the following:
-- first, that it is a recording apparatus;
-- the subscriber's name or business style;
-- clear instructions as to the functioning of the apparatus (whether a message may be recorded, and if so, the moment when the message may be recorded and the maximum duration of a recording).
A.2 Signalling conditions
A.2.1 Avoidance of interference from signalling frequencies
The correct functioning of the apparatus should not depend upon (nor be affected to any extent by) the sending or receiving of signalling frequencies used in the telephone system or specially generated in the apparatus.
A.2.2 Avoidance of interference with national signalling systems by the tones transmitted by the apparatus
To avoid interference with the national signalling system of a country by the tones transmitted by the apparatus over the network of that country, it is recommended that:
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.117 47
-- the transmission of tones should be in short pulses and not a continuous transmission;
-- the tones should not be composed of a single frequency, but should be a mixture of at least two frequencies, so that the guard circuit of the signal receiver of the corresponding country, where there would be a risk of interference, may operate. For this purpose, the choice of the following frequency-combinations should be avoided:
2040 and 2400 Hz 1200 and 1600 Hz 500 and 20 Hz
600 and 750 Hz 1000 and 20 Hz
A.3 Transmission conditions
Any recording apparatus which takes the place of the called subscriber should give a level and quality of speech comparable to that given when the station is used by a person.
48 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.117
AUTOMATED INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE CREDIT CARD SYSTEM
Preamble
The Automated International Telephone Credit Card System and its use throughout the world will provide advantages, conveniences and economic benefits to both users and Administrations.
This is based on a recognition of:
1) the need by Administrations for a reduction in the requirement for operator assistance, adequate security against fraudulent use and facilitated billing procedures, when telephone calls are made at public facilities;
2) the current and anticipated capabilities of credit cards which could provide increased security and new or enhanced services to users;
3) the growing use of more sophisticated credit cards for a variety of services and transactions.
As a result, Administrations are encouraged to prepare for, and introduce, automated international telephone credit card system using the guidance provided in this Recommendation.
The use of the pre-paid or debit card in the national network is a national matter and is not covered by this Recommendation.
Sections 1 through 6 of this Recommendation deal with major attributes of the automated credit card system which may be used by an Administration to establish its own system. Section 7 deals particularly with conditions necessary for international compatibility.
1.1 The types of cards which may be used are differentiated in two ways: the organization which issues them and the technology used.
1.2 The automated telephone credit card issued by Administrations and credit cards issued by banks, commercial credit card companies and other organizations can be used so far as the Administration concerned permits such use.
1.3 The IC type card (a card containing a microprocessor and memory in an IC chip) and cards using the magnetic stripe technology may be used if they are equipped with the necessary characteristics for the system.
The Administration concludes the necessary agreements with credit card issuers (other Administrations, credit card companies, banks, etc.) in order that cards issued by those bodies can be used in the Administration's Automated Telephone Credit Card System. The following are the principal items to be covered in the agreement:
|
a) b) c) d) e) |
payment of the telephone charge to the Administration by credit card issuers; service charges (commission) due to credit card issuers; responsibility on fraudulent use of cards and uncollectibles; exchange of information among Administrations and credit card issuers; validation procedures. |
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.118 49 |
3.1 International standards
For maximum flexibility, convenience of use and economic benefits, the IC and magnetic stripe cards to be issued by Administrations should conform to the relevant ISO standards concerning materials, recording techniques, physical dimensions and the type and format of embossed information.
50 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.118
|
These are: ISO/7810 ISO/7811/1 ISO/7811/2 ISO/7811/3 ISO/7811/4 ISO/7811/5 ISO/7813 |
Identification cards -- Physical characteristics Identification cards -- Recording technique -- Part 1: Embossing Identification cards -- Recording technique -- Part 2: Magnetic stripe Identification cards -- Recording technique -- Part 3: Location of embossed characters on ID-1 cards Identification cards -- Recording technique -- Part 4: Location of read-only magnetic tracks -- Tracks 1 and 2 Identification cards -- Recording technique -- Part 5: Location of read-write magnetic track -- Track 3 Identification cards -- Financial transaction cards |
Note -- The standard for the IC card is to be established by ISO TC 97/SC 17/WG 4.
3.2 Numbering system
The numbering of the card to be issued by Administrations shall be as follows based on ISOB/F7812 (Identification card-numbering system and registration procedure for issuer identifiers).
The maximum length of the visible card number (primary account number) should be 19 characters and is composed of the following sub-parts (see Figure 1/E.118):
|
-- -- -- -- -- |
major industry identifier (MII), country code, issuer identifier number, individual account identification number, check digit. In addition to the check digit, Administrations may incorporate another validation check device in some location on the |
card which could be changed when new cards are issued.
Note -- Major industry and issuer identifier numbers of the form 66xxxx have already been assigned to some Administrations as a transitional measure. Credit cards of this type are also fully compatible with ISO standards.
Figure 1/E.118, p.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.118 51
3.3 Issuer identifier number assignment and registration procedure
a) The assignment of specific issuer identifier numbers should be the responsibility of a country or group of countries as appropriate.
b) These issuer identifier numbers are normally used to distinguish among multiple issuers within a country. However, these numbers may also be used to distinguish individual countries sharing the same country code (as defined in Recommendation E.163) or, if appropriate, to distinguish both countries and issuers.
c) A central registration authority should be established within ITU for the registration and/or cancellation of issuer identifier numbers for telecommunication Administrations. An illustrative registration form is contained in Figure 2/E.118.
d) The ITU should inform its members and coordinate registration information with the ISO as appropriate.
In addition to the card, equipment to be used in the automated credit card system will include a terminal and may also involve supplementary processors, switching and other network components.
Equipment used in this system involves both memory and processing, either completely at the terminal itself, partly at the terminal and partly at another location, or completely at another location.
The major functions of the system are as follows:
4.1 Card acceptance and reading
The system should be able to accept, read and, if required, write information on one or more types of cards (IC, magnetic stripe, etc.) intended for use in the system.
4.2 Card and user validation
The system should be able to determine whether a card or billing number is valid and ideally whether the user is the actual owner of the card or billing number.
4.3 Acceptance of other information
The system should be able to accept other discretionary information supplied by the user or the card including for example call destination, other options and personal identification, etc. over and above the ISO Standard visible 19 characters.
4.4 Information transfer
The system should accept user information for immediate or later transfer to other system equipment, perhaps in a different order from which the information was input.
4.5 Call records
The system should record accurate and complete call data (including validation indication) required for billing and administrative purposes. A means for protecting and transferring these records to other administrative areas for further processing is also required.
4.6 User feedback
The system should, to the extent feasible, provide enough guidance and error feedback to the user via the terminal, thereby making the system easier and more convenient to use.
52 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.118
4.7 Information security
The system should, to the extent feasible, protect user information from disclosure to unauthorized parties.
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.118 53
4.8 Maintenance
The system should be practical to maintain and repair. This might involve self-diagnostics, automatic trouble reporting and remote software modifications.
4.9 Card release
The card should be released upon call completion or at some earlier point in the process.
5.1 Validation of the card and identification of the card holder
A user presents the card to the terminal for automatic validation of the card. The user may also present personal identification information, for example, PIN (Personal Identification Number), so that the system or the card can verify it and confirm the authorized use of the card.
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5.2 |
Call request After validation of the card and identification of the card holder, the user enters the desired number and other information if required. |
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5.3 |
Call requests at terminals other than the fully automated telephone To increase the usefulness of the credit card, it is desirable to be able to use the card at telephones not associated with the automated |
system. This requires the user to enter billing and identification information (which may or may not necessarily include personal identification information) by other means such as by voice to an operator, manually entering the digits, or using a portable signalling unit. This information is then validated before the call is allowed to proceed. Some Administrations already have such capabilities. When automated international credit cards are used in a non-automated environment with the assistance of an operator, Recommendation E.116 will apply.
6.1 Timing of calls and handling of call records
The chargeable duration or the chargeable number of units of calls may be measured by timing devices either at the terminal or at another location.
The chargeable duration or the chargeable number of units of a call together with other records of the call described in § 6.2 should be transferred to the management system such as the Billing and Collection Centre for further processing of such data.
6.2 Billing information
Information required for billing might include the following:
The PIN (or secret code) should not be provided, nor should it appear in the billing information. a) the card number
b) chargeable duration or chargeable number of units,
Tariff and accounting principles are contained in the appropriate ``D'' series Recommendations.
54 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.118
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c) d) e) f) |
calling and called numbers, including country codes when appropriate, time of day (hour and minutes), date (day, month, year), validation indicator, other information. |
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.118 55 |
6.3 Billing and collection of the telephone charge
To collect the charges of calls made by credit card holders, the bills and/or billing information are sent to the credit card issuers (including foreign Administrations) according to the service agreement described in § 2. However, the provision of billing information to the card issuers is subject to national regulations.
If the calls are made with a credit card issued by the Administrations operating the system, the bill will go directly into the Administration's customer billing system.
7.1 Reasons for such use
For maximum convenience, advantage, security and economic benefits in terms of customer satisfaction, operating expense reduction and utilization of the international network, Administrations should admit and encourage the use of foreign cards to the greatest extent feasible.
7.2 Bilateral service agreements
Administrations, in order to admit the use of foreign cards with their system, should negotiate bilateral agreements with foreign Administrations (or card issuing bodies) as outlined in § 2.
Administrations wishing to conclude service agreements with foreign card issuers, should carefully select the foreign cards to be used in their system to ensure, among other things, that:
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7.3 |
a) b) c) d) e) |
there is technical compatibility, card validation and user verification will not be a problem, there will be no problem in the collection of the telephone charge, appropriate procedures are available for lost or stolen cards, cards causing problems will not be honoured. Information to foreign card issuers and customer instruction |
Administrations should keep foreign Administrations or credit card company correspondents fully informed of operating conditions, requirements, restrictions, problems etc. in order that the foreign card issuing body can provide cardholders with customer instructional information to minimize confusion, encourage usage and assist users of cards in other countries.
7.4 Allowable calls
For reasons outlined in § 7.1, no limitation should be set on the destination of calls to be made using foreign cards. For example, calls to third countries, calls within a country or calls back to the card issuing country should be permitted.
7.5 Billing and collection of charges from foreign card issuers
The Series D Recommendations will cover billing and collection of charges, and until new Recommendations are developed or existing Recommendations are modified, bilateral service agreements between Administrations should apply.
Tariff and accounting principles are contained in the appropriate ``D'' series Recommendations.
56 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.118
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.118 57
Figure 2/E.118 [2T1.118], p.7 Recommendation E.119
INSTRUCTION OF STAFF OPERATING INTERNATIONAL POSITIONS
The professional instruction of operating and supervising staff is of the greatest importance in ensuring the efficient use of circuits in the international telephone service; to this end, it is extremely desirable to improve supervisors' and operators' knowledge of the language of other countries and to enable them to become informed about the customs of the subscribers, the organization of the service and the manipulation of equipment at the other end of the circuit.
It is therefore recommended:
1) that, during the training of these operators, they should be provided with some information about methods and operating procedures used in the countries with which they might be connected;
2) that there should be frequent exchanges of supervisors and operators between the telephone exchanges of different countries.
BLANC
58 Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.119
Fascicle II.2 -- Rec. E.119 59