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PART I Recommendation D.000 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS Recommendations D.1 to D.251 GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES, INTERNATIONAL TELECOMMUNICATIONS SERVICES RECOMMENDATIONS FOR GENERAL APPLICATION |
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MONTAGE: PAGE 2 = PAGE BLANCHE 2 ^
TERMS AND DEFINITIONS FOR THE SERIES D RECOMMENDATIONS
(Malaga-Torremolinos, 1984; amended at Melbourne, 1988)
Preamble
This Recommendation sets out the general principles for developing and using terms and definitions in the Series D Recommendations. The Recommendation also contains a list of definitions applicable to all Series D Recommendations.
1.1 There is a need for a structured approach to developing and using terms and definitions in Series D Recommendations. Such an approach will enhance the clarity of Recommendations and the effectiveness of communications related to the development and application of Recommendations.
1.2 There are many existing terms originally defined in technical/operational contexts which are being used with tariff connotations. There is a need for the qualification and/or definition of such terms for tariffication purposes.
2.1 It is desirable that, to the greatest extent possible, terms used in Series D Recommendations be applied with the same and unique definition in these Recommendations (§ 3).
2.2 It is recognized that for certain reasons (e.g. increased precision) in certain cases, the general definition given as per § 3 might not be appropriate in a specific Recommendation. In such instances the qualification of the term for use in that specific Recommendation should be indicated by a footnote.
2.3 In the absence of a general definition as per § 3, terms that may give rise to misinterpretation should be defined within the specific Recommendation.
2.4 In cases of non-tariff terms used in Series D Recommendations, their use should generally be consistent with Fascicle X.1 of the CCITT Book dealing with Terms and Definitions.
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A list of terms with definitions applicable to Series D Recommendations is provided in Annex A. ANNEX A Definitions Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000 |
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A.1 accounting rate
F: taxe de repartition´
S: tasa de distribucion´
The rate agreed between Administrations in a given relation that is used for the establishment of international accounts.
Definition adopted by the World Administration Telegraph and Telephone Conference, Melbourne, 1988.
4 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000
A.2 collection charge
F: taxe de perception
S: tasa de percepcion´
The charge established and collected by an Administration from its customers for the use of an international telecommunication service.
A.3 customer
F: client
S: cliente
The individual or entity who, or which, obtains an international service/facility from an Administration and is responsible for payment of all charges and rentals due to that Administration.
A.4 user
F: utilisateur
S: usuario
The individual or entity designated by the customer, individually or by class, as having access to the service/facility and having such authorization, individually or by class, as may be required by the Administrations concerned.
A.5 lease
F: location
S: arriendo
An agreement whereby a certain facility is made available by an Administration or Administrations to a customer or customers for his or their exclusive use.
A.6 rental
F: redevance
S: tarifa de arriendo (alquiler)
Payment(s) due to Administrations for the provision of certain facilities or access to certain facilities/services for designated periods.
A.7 full refund
F: remboursement complet
S: reembolso total
Reimbursement to the customer of the total charges paid to the Administration for the service/facility in question.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000 5
A.8 partial refund
F: remboursement partiel
S: reembolso parcial
Reimbursement to the customer of only part of the total charges paid to the Administration for the service/facility in question.
6 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000
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A.9 |
relation F: relation S: relacion´ Exchange of traffic between two terminal countries, always referring to a specific service if there is between |
their Administrations:
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a) a means for the exchange of traffic in that specific service either over direct circuits (direct relation), or |
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via a |
point of transit in a third country (indirect relation),and b) normally, the settlement of accounts. |
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A.10 |
origin country (or Administration) F: pays (ou Administration) d'origine S: pais´ (o Administracion)´ de origen The country in which the call is originating or in which a message is deposited. |
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A.11 |
destination country (or Administration) F: pays (ou Administration) de destination S: pais´ (o Administracion)´ de destino The country in which the called subscriber is located or in which a message is to be delivered. |
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A.12 |
terminal country (or Administration) F: pays (ou Administration) terminal(e) S: pais´ (o Administracion)´ terminal An origin country and a destination country in a given relation. |
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A.13 |
transit country (or Administration) F: pays (ou Administration) de transit S: pais´ (o Administracion)´ de transito´ A country through which traffic is routed between two terminal countries. |
A.13.1 direct-transit country
F: pays de transit direct
S: pais´ de transito´ directo
A transit country through which traffic is routed on direct circuits, i.e. on circuits provided for the exclusive use of other countries.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000 7
A.13.2 switched-transit country
F: pays de transit en commutation
S: pais´ de transito´ con conmutacion´
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A transit country through which traffic is routed by switching in an international transit exchange. |
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A.14 |
international circuit F: circuit international S: circuito internacional A circuit between two international exchanges situated in different countries. |
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Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000 |
A.14.1 continental circuit
F: circuit continental
S: circuito continental
An international circuit between two international exchanges situated in two different countries in the same continent.
A.14.2 intercontinental circuit
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F: circuit intercontinental S: circuito intercontinental An international circuit between two international exchanges in different continents. |
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A.15 |
national extension F: prolongement national S: prolongacion´ nacional The part of the connection which extends from the national side of the international exchange to the subscribers. |
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A.16 |
Remuneration for shared use and exclusive use |
A.16.1 remuneration for shared use of circuits and equipment
F: remun´ eration´ pour utilisation en commun des circuit et des installations
S: remuneracion´ por utilizacion´ compartida de los circuitos y de las instalaciones
The expression ``remuneration for shared use'' refers to the remuneration paid to the Administration of a country P which makes its facilities available to a number of Administrations of other countries L1, L2, . | | , Lnfor the routing of different international traffic streams. It may apply either to circuits or to switching equipment. Under the control of the owner Administration, the use of such facilities may be shared in any appropriate manner with other Administrations (including the Administration which owns them). The latter sets the price for the shared use of its facilities:
a) either according to the number of traffic units,
b) or by a fixed amount covering a certain period of time and based on the estimated volume of traffic and its time characteristics.
A.16.2 remuneration for exclusive use of circuits
F: remun´ eration´ pour utilisation exclusive des circuits
S: remuneracion´ por utilizacion´ exclusiva de los circuitos
A.16.2.1 The remuneration for exclusive use is the remuneration paid to the Administration of a country which makes its circuits available for direct transit, each circuit being assigned on an exclusive basis. The volume of traffic, its origin
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000 9
and its fluctuations in time are not the concern of the owner Administration and have no effect on the amount of the remuneration, which is paid circuit by circuit. The owner does not control the traffic routed over the circuit. This is the conventional lease arrangement between Administrations.
A.16.2.2 For further clarification, it should be mentioned that:
a) the general term ``lease '' (in French: location ) used until now applies only to the case cited in § A.16.2.1 above where exclusive use is granted;
b) the term ``owner '' in these definitions refers to an Administration which receives the remuneration and which grants the rights to another Administration. The owner may have real ownership or the indefeasible right of use of the facilities.
A.17 flat-rate price per circuit procedure
F: methode´ de remun´ eration´ forfaitaire par circuit
S: procedimiento de remuneracion´ a tanto alzado por circuito
The procedure which consists of remunerating an Administration on the basis of a flat-rate price per circuit.
10 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000
A.18 traffic-unit price procedure
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F: methode´ de remun´ eration´ par unite´ de trafic S: procedimiento de remuneracion´ por unidad de trafico´ The procedure whereby remuneration of an Administration is based on traffic units. |
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A.19 |
accounting revenue division procedure F: methode´ de division des recettes de repartition´ S: procedimiento de division´ de los ingresos de distribucion´ The procedure whereby accounting revenue is shared between terminal Administrations, and, as appro priate, |
between the Administrations of transit countries.
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A.20 |
accounting rate share F: quote-part de repartition´ S: parte alicuota´ de distribucion´ The part of the accounting rate corresponding to the facilities made available in each country; this share is fixed |
by agreement among the Administrations.
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A.21 |
terminal share F: quote-part terminale S: parte alicuota´ terminal The part of the accounting rate which is due to a terminal Administration. |
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A.22 |
transit share F: quote-part de transit S: parte alicuota´ de transito´ The part of the accounting rate which is due to an intermediate Administration whose territory, installations or |
circuits are used to route traffic between two terminal countries.
A.23 per word tariff system
S: sistema de tarificacion´ por palabra
In the per word tariff system, rates are established per word purely and simply, the word-counting provisions of the relevant CCITT Recommendations being applied. A minimum rate per telegram corresponding to the rate for a certain number of words is applied.
In the per word tariff system, the accounting rate is the rate per word purely and simply of an ordinary private telegram without any special system.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000 11
A.24 binary tariff system
S: sistema binario de tarificacion´
The binary tariff system has two components:
a) a fixed component representing the costs involved in the acceptance and delivery of a telegram (fixed charge), and
b) a component proportional to the length of the telegram representing the costs involved in transmitting and receiving the telegram and the cost of using the telegraph network (charge per word).
In this binary tariff system, the accounting rate has the two components described in a) and b) above. No minimum rate for a certain number of words is applied.
12 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000
MONTAGE: PAGE 8 = PAGE BLANCHE
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.000 13
SECTION 1
PRIVATE LEASED TELECOMMUNICATIONS FACILITIES
GENERAL PRINCIPLES FOR THE LEASE OF INTERNATIONAL
(CONTINENTAL AND INTERCONTINENTAL)
PRIVATE TELECOMMUNICATION CIRCUITS
Preamble
This Recommendation sets out the general principles and conditions applicable to all international (continental and intercontinental) private leased telecommunication circuits. The charging in the terminal countries for the national extensions of an international private leased circuit is subject to any regulations that may be applied by the Administrations of those countries. The diagram included as Annex A to this Recommendation, extracted from Recommendation M.1010 [1] relating to the constitution and nomenclature of international private leased circuits and supplemented for tariff requirements, indicates what is to be understood by the terms international private leased circuit and national extension.
1.1 The international telecommunication private leased circuit service consists of making one or more international telecommunication circuits available to a customer for his dedicated use on the terms and conditions which may be set out in a lease agreement between the customer and the Administration of the country at each terminal of the circuit.
In providing this service, account should be taken of:
a) the provisions of this Recommendation,
b) such other terms and conditions as may be mutually agreed upon between the Administrations participating in the provision of the particular service arrangement,
c) the desirability of facilitating the advance of technology and the use of modern methods of operation and management,
d) the need to meet the specific requirements of customers.
1.2 An international private leased circuit transiting one or more countries shall be charged for as if it were one circuit if no intermediate station exists in any transit country to which a customer or user may have access.
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The customer is the individual or entity who, or which, leases an international circuit from an Administration and is responsible for payment of all charges or rentals due to that Administration. The user is the individual or entity designated by the customer, individually or by class, as having access to the leased circuit and having such authorization, individually or by class, as may be required by the Administrations concerned. 14 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1 |
If, however, a customer or user station is connected to the circuit in any transit country, normally the circuit shall be divided into separate sections for charging purposes, each station being charged for as a separate circuit. Exceptionally, Administrations may agree among themselves to apply a different basis of charging taking into account the provisions of § 3.3 below.
1.3 When a private leased circuit has been established, the connection between the terminal stations is set up for the period of the lease in such a way that the international centres at the extremities of the leased circuit do not need to intervene. However, arrangements must be such as to enable the appropriate staff at these centres to perform necessary supervision and maintenance.
1.4 Administrations may temporarily withdraw a private leased circuit from operation in order to perform such tests, adjustments and routine maintenance as is necessary to ensure that the circuit is kept in proper working condition. Administrations shall endeavour to make such a withdrawal only after consultation with the customer and at a time mutually agreeable to all parties.
1.5 The leased circuit service is normally authorized in international relations where telecommunication circuits remain available after the needs of the public telecommunication services have been satisfied. However, Administrations should recognize the requirements for leased circuits in their planning.
1.6 Administrations reserve the right to withdraw a private leased telecommunication circuit if, in their opinion, this is required in the public interest (for example, because of force majeure or threat of imminent technical harm from the continued operation of the circuit involved). If necessary, because of such conditions, withdrawal may be made at very short notice, without Administrations having to observe the period of notice prescribed in § 2.2 below.
1.7 With the limits fixed by Administrations in each case, private leased circuits may be used only to exchange communications relating to the business of the customer. When the circuit is used to route communications from (to) one or more users other than the customer, these communications must be concerned exclusively with the activity for which the circuit is leased.
1.8 Within the limits fixed by Administrations, the customer may derive telecommunication channels from a private leased telephone-type circuit. These channels, or some of them, may be extended by means of other circuits leased by the same customer. The channels so derived must not be sub-leased. The equipment for such sub-division shall be provided, installed and maintained by or at the expense of the customer.
1.9 Equipment connected to a private leased circuit must meet the technical conditions laid down by each Administration concerned. Where consultation would assist in expediting type-approval of equipment, Administrations should consult with each other. Moreover, the equipment in customer or user premises should not allow the circuits to be used in conditions other than those authorized.
1.10 Administrations shall refuse to provide an international private leased circuit when the customer's proposed activity would be regarded as an infringement of the functions of an Administration in providing telecommunication services to others.
1.11 Administrations shall be entitled to take all steps, appropriate in the circumstances, to ensure that the provisions governing the lease of international circuits are respected.
1.12 In the event of a violation of these provisions, Administrations reserve the right to cancel the lease of the telecommunication circuit concerned; they must, however, give the customer immediate and adequate notice of their intention to take such action and sufficient opportunity to respond thereto.
2 Duration of the lease , charging , cancellation
2.1 Except as provided in § 2.5 below for temporary services, the lease shall last for a minimum of one month.
2.2 The lease shall be continued thereafter by tacit agreement until cancelled by either party. Notice of cancellation must normally be given seven days in advance of the effective date of cancellation. However, an
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1 15
Administration may require a different period of notice. The charges for fractional parts of a month beyond the first month shall be in accordance with §§ 2.4.1 and 2.4.2 below.
2.3 The lease should normally be payable one month in advance.
16 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1
2.4 In calculating the duration of the lease, one month shall mean one calendar month. Moreover, the day on which the circuit is made available ready for service to the customer, shall not be reckoned. The day on which the circuit is withdrawn shall be reckoned as a full day. However, in cases where customer-provided equipment is necessary for operation of the circuit and the customer equipment is not ready for use, Administrations should take into consideration particular circumstances in determining the date of start of service. Thus, a period of lease covering one month or more is calculated as follows:
a) count the number of days beginning on the day following the day on which the circuit was made available until the end of the month;
b) thereafter count the number of full calendar months, if any; and
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c) count the number of service days in the last month, including the day on which the circuit was withdrawn. 2.4.1 As regards charging: -- full calendar months are subject to the monthly rental; -- fractions of a month shall be subject to a daily charge equal to 1/30th of the monthly rental. |
2.4.2 Examples: | see Table 1/D.1
H.T. [T1.1]
TABLEAU 1/D.1
center box; cw(102p) | cw(48p) | cw(78p) .
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{ Life of a lease from the day of availability until the day of withdrawal } Chargeable time Charge _ lw(102p) | cw(48p) | cw(78p) . { 30 October | (hy | 5 December 30 October not counted 31 October = 1 |
= 1 day November = 1 month |
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} { 1 | (hy | 5 December = 15 days } 1 month 16 days { 1 monthly rental + 16/30th of this rental } { 30 November | (hy | 5 January 30 November not counted December |
= 1 month |
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} { 1 | (hy | 5 January = 15 days } 1 month 15 days { 1 monthly rental + 15/30th of this rental } { 4 January | (hy | 0 February 4 January not counted 5 January | (hy |
| 1 January = 27 days |
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} lw(102p) | cw(48p) | lw(78p) . { 1 February | (hy | 0 February = 10 days } 37 days 37/30th of monthly rental |
2.5 By agreement between the Administrations concerned, a temporary lease service may be granted for a period of less than one month.
2.5.1 In calculating the life of a temporary lease , one day shall mean a period of 24 consecutive hours.
The life of a lease should be calculated in multiples of 24 hours, the period starting from the time at which the circuit is made available until the time at which it is withdrawn. If the number of days thus obtained contains a fraction of 24 hours, it should be rounded up to the next whole number.
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Examples: Circuit made available on 1 June, at 09.00 hours, cleared on 5 June at 09.00 hours: 4 × 24 hours, i.e. 4 chargeable days. Circuit made available on 1 June at 09.00 hours, cleared on 5 June at 11.00 hours: (4 days + 2/24 day) i.e. 5 chargeable days. |
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1 17 |
2.5.2 In this case (temporary lease), the charges shall be calculated as follows:
a) for the first day of lease: 20% of the monthly rental;
b) for each subsequent day from the second day: 3.33% (1/30) of the monthly rental, the total amount per month paid by the customer in no case being more than the monthly rental.
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2.6 The leases considered in §§ 2.1 and 2.5 above are full-time leases, i.e. for 24 hours per day. 2.6.1 However the Administrations concerned may in some cases permit part-time leases. 2.6.2 The conditions of lease and the charges shall then be fixed by agreement between the Administrations. |
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Collection of charges ; accounting 3.1 When the private leased circuit does not pass through a transit country, two methods are generally recognized: 3.1.1 Each Administration of the two terminal countries collects its own share of the international private leased circuit rental from the |
customer resident in its own country.
3.1.2 Subject to mutual agreement by Administrations concerned, either terminal Administration may collect the rental for the private leased circuit; in this case, the collecting Administration credits the other terminal Administration through the international accounts with the share due to it.
3.2 If the private leased circuit passes through one or more transit countries, the terminal Administrations shall agree with the transit Administration(s) on the method to be adopted for collecting and international accounting of the charges due to it (them).
3.3 When leasing a series of circuits forming a private leased circuit network, the terminal and transit Administrations involved may agree upon an equitable division of revenues for the private leased circuits and should endeavour to grant the best possible charging conditions to the customer.
If a customer requests the Administrations to provide a circuit by means of a specific routing other than that planned by them, these Administrations shall have the right to levy an additional charge which takes into consideration the additional costs involved. An additional charge would be applicable where the request was made for diversity or security reasons, but not where an existing circuit fails to meet specifications according to relevant CCITT Recommendations.
5.1 In the event of an interruption of a private leased circuit for which a customer or user is not responsible, an allowance shall normally be made to the customer if there has been an initial period of interruption of:
-- a continental circuit for not less than 180 consecutive minutes,
In continental relations, Administrations may consider that an additional charge in the range of 20-25% of
the normal rental might be appropriate.
In cases where the rental charges for continental circuits are roughly at the same level as charges for
18 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1
-- an intercontinental circuit for not less than 60 consecutive minutes.
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a) known to the b) concerned. c) |
Any interruption or operating trouble shall be promptly reported by the customer or user. However, in cases of facility failures Administration such report may not be required. Any requirement that customers specifically request allowances should be in accordance with the practices of each Administration For the calculation of the allowance, the reporting time shall normally be the starting time for the duration of the interruption. If, |
however, a report is not required because the facility failure is known to the Administration, the time of the failure is taken as starting time for calculating the allowance.
5.2 For each hour of the initial period of interruption mentioned in § 5.1 above and for each subsequent consecutive hourly period or fraction of at least 30 minutes, the amount of the allowance should be equivalent to 1/24th of a day's rental for a full-time circuit.
In the case of circuits leased on a part-time basis as described in § 2.6 above, the allowance for interruption shall be pro rata to the number of hours of the lease per day.
5.3 For the purpose of computing allowances for interruptions, a month is considered to be 30 days. When the lease is for less than one month, the charge for a day's lease shall be calculated by dividing the total rental by the number of days reckoned in the lease.
5.4 Administrations need not consider requests for allowances for interruptions resulting from unfavourable propagation conditions on HF radio circuits.
5.5 In principle, an allowance should be given for all components of the through circuit between the customers' operating terminals regardless of where the interruption occurs, except as provided for in § 5.7 below. Where the interrupted circuit forms part of a private leased circuit network, the allowance would apply only to the affected circuit.
Note -- It is recognized that some Administrations are in a position to make allowances only in respect of failures in the intercontinental portion of private leased circuits.
5.6 Requests for refund of charges for the use of public telecommunication services during the period when the private leased circuit is not available shall not be considered.
5.7 No allowance shall be granted when an interruption (regardless of its duration) or the non-operation of the private leased circuit, is due to the negligence of the customer or to a fault of equipment provided by the customer or user for which the Administration is not responsible.
5.8 Normally, no allowance shall be granted when a private leased circuit is withdrawn in order for Administrations to perform tests, adjustments and routine maintenance as provided in § 1.4 above.
6.1 Recognizing the principle that (circuits and message) switching and transmission are the exclusive function of Administrations, the establishment of a private leased circuit network may be authorized to meet the specific technical and operational requirements of certain customers, if requirements cannot be met by the public network or by specialized networks set up by Administrations as in § 6.2 below.
6.2 In this connection, Administrations reserve the right to provide specialized networks to meet specific requirements of customers.
6.3 The authorization in § 6.1 above is subject to prior consultation and agreement between the Administrations concerned as to conformity of the proposed network with the provisions in this Recommendation.
intercontinental circuits, Administarations may apply the initial time limit of 60 minutes in determining the
interruption periods on continental circuits for which an allowance should be made.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1 19
6.4 The establishment of a private leased circuit network is subject upon demand to provision of the following information to all Administrations concerned (in this connection one Administration may, after consulting with other Administrations concerned, act as a coordinator for the supply of this information to those Administrations):
a) technical equipment to be installed for the operation of the network and the mode of operation of the network, with all the necessary details in order to ensure its proper technical operation;
b) the list of international circuits forming the network to be leased by the customer;
c) the scope of usage for which the circuits are required.
Note -- For example, information required by Administrations may include details on the following points:
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i) -- -- -- ii) -- |
intended usage and mode of operation: telephony, telegraphy, data transmission, facsimile or combined usage; duplex or semi-duplex operation; any subdivision of the circuit into several channels; transmission speed or data signalling rates; intended scope of usage: exclusive use by the customer or use in conjunction with other users, possibility of access to the public networks |
6.5 No substantive change may be made to the basic communications facilities or to the mode of operation or to the scope of usage of a private leased circuit network without the prior concurrence of Administrations leasing the circuits on which such changes are to be made. A substantive change is one which results:
-- in the reconfiguration of a private leased circuit network involving an alteration in the scope of usage of its circuits, or
-- in an increase in the transmission speed relative to the information originally provided by the customer to the Administrations concerned.
6.6 The interconnection of two or more private leased circuit networks shall not be permitted without the prior agreement of the Administrations concerned.
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6.7 In certain circumstances Administrations may, after consultation (e.g.: switching, concentration or multiplexing) to be used as part of the international a) be located on the premises of the Administration, and/or b) be provided by it. |
with the customer, require that some private leased circuit network concerned: |
of |
the |
equipment |
In such cases, the customer shall have a terminal station located on his own premises in the country in which this equipment is installed.
6.8 Administrations are not obliged to accept any responsibility for the end-to-end quality of transmissions over connected circuits which comprise a private leased circuit network.
Note -- Administrations which otherwise accept responsibility for the quality of transmission over connected circuits which comprise a private leased circuit network need not do so for portions of the network which they do not provide or which are not operated within the applicable technical requirements for such connected use.
6.9 In addition to the provision in the present § 6, all of the general principles in § 1 above apply in the case of a private leased circuit network.
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The term access covers the cases of direct physical interconnection (e.g., via private switching equipment) and of transfer of information by means of data processing or transmitting devices (computers, multiplexers, concentrators, message switching equipment and possibly manual transfer of torn tape or other types of transfer). 20 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1 |
7.1 General principles
7.1.1 Use of public networks (telex, telephone, data) for transmitting or receiving information from or to international private leased circuits may be authorized subject to the condition that the Administrations concerned shall consult and agree on the extent to which such use may be permitted.
7.1.2 If the national law or established practices of an Administration participating in the establishment of the service do not allow access, the relevant Administration has the right to refuse such access on its side.
7.1.3 An international private leased circuit may be allowed access to the public network, provided that:
a) this access shall be made on the customer's premises except in the cases listed in § 6.7 above;
b) all information exchanged over a private leased circuit relates solely to the activities for which the circuit has been leased;
c) such information is exchanged only with public network subscribers nominated by the customer and approved by the Administrations concerned. Upon demand of any individual Administration, a complete list of nominated subscribers will be made available, taking into account national law or established practices including those with respect to right of privacy.
7.1.4 In addition to the private leased circuit charges, the customer (or subscriber) must pay the normal rate for the use of the public network service.
7.1.5 Administrations reserve the right to levy special charges for allowing the customer access to the public networks.
7.1.6 Administrations will not consider requests for interruption allowances for non-operation of a private leased circuit resulting from failures in public network facilities to which the private leased circuit has access.
7.1.7 Administrations are not obliged to guarantee the quality of the transmission of calls to or from users on the public network over a leased circuit.
7.2 Additional principles applicable to access of an international private leased circuit to the public telex network
7.2.1 In principle, access to the public telex network is allowed at only one terminal of the international private leased circuit. Nevertheless, by agreement among the Administrations concerned, access to the public telex network may be extended to both terminals of such a circuit.
7.2.2 Moreover, in principle, access to the public telex network is limited to communications exchanged with subscribers in the country in which the international private leased circuit terminates. By agreement among the Administrations concerned, in providing the leased service as well as the public service, an international private leased circuit may have access to subscribers of the telex networks outside the national territory in which such a circuit terminates.
7.3 Additional principles applicable to access of an international private leased circuit to the public telephone network
7.3.1 Access to the public telephone network may be allowed at one or the other terminals of the circuit, but not simultaneously at both terminals, and is strictly limited to the subscribers of the national public network in the country where the circuit terminates.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1 21
8.1 Private leased circuits may be used in conjunction with computers (data processing centres) operated by customers and providing data processing services to others, provided that the conditions set out in §§ 8.2, 8.3 and 8.4 below are fulfilled.
22 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1
8.2 The function of a computer used for data processing may depend upon the receipt of information partly from one user and partly from another. Moreover, the computer at a data processing centre might be used to transmit to one user intelligence which had been derived from the processing of basic data received from the same or from another user. Data processing involves the use of the computer for a combination of operations such as calculating data, merging, sorting, and so on, in accordance with programmed instructions, as distinguished from circuit, message or packet switching.
8.3 If a private leased circuit terminates at one end in a data processing centre, the other end may be allowed access to the public networks or to other private leased circuits, subject to the following reservations:
a) leased circuits connecting users with a data processing centre may not be used for the exchange of information between user terminals either directly or on a store and forward basis (see also § 8.2 above);
b) the transmission of messages between users having access to a data processing centre shall not be permitted through that data processing centre;
c) the list of users thus connected or having access through the public networks must, upon demand, be communicated for agreement to the Administrations of the countries of residence of these users. Such information shall be held in strict confidence, taking into account national law or established practices including those with respect to right of privacy;
d) the customer shall not be permitted to operate in the manner of an Administration by providing telecommunication services to others.
8.4 In addition to the provisions of the present § 8, all of the provisions in § 7 above apply in the case of a private leased circuit which terminates at one end in a data processing centre and has access at the other end to the public network.
ANNEX A
(to Recommendation D.1)
Figure A-1/D.1, p.
Reference
[1] CCITT Recommendation Constitution and nomenclature of international leased circuits , Rec. M.1010.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.1 23
SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR THE LEASE OF CONTINENTAL
TELECOMMUNICATION CIRCUITS FOR PRIVATE SERVICE
Preamble
This Recommendation, which should be applied in conjunction with the provisions of Recommendation D.1, sets out the special conditions intended for application to telecommunication circuits leased for private service between terminal countries located in the same continent . The conditions stated here are the results of studies carried out on the European network and can serve as a guide to other Administrations with comparable networks. However, when the telecommunication structure or transmission characteristics within a continent are similar to those in intercontinental relations, Administrations may apply the arrangements set out in Recommendation D.3 to continental circuits.
1.1 The rental for monthly leasing of a telephone-type circuit for all uses , together with the facilities permitted within the limits of §§ 7 and 8 in Recommendation D.1, is taken as reference for the fixing of charges for leased circuits.
For certain types of use defined under § 2.1 below, special tariff conditions are permitted.
1.2 This rental is fixed on the basis of 9500 minutes per month and according to the rules defined for the calculation of accounting rates in the automatic incoming telephone service, the terminal accounting rate share being multiplied by a variable coefficient to adapt the international tariffs to the national level of tariffs if necessary, the maximum value of this coefficient being established, as necessary, at the regional level by the different Regional Tariff Groups
1.3 To determine the rental for different types of circuits, the following multiplication coefficients are applied:
2 Rates for the lease of telephone-type circuits of ordinary quality (CCITT Recommendation M.1040 [1])
Multiplication Equivalent coefficient number of minutes
2.1 Lease of an ordinary quality telephone-type circuit reserved exclusively for conversation or for analogue facsimile telegraphy (one single telephone channel)
A telephone-type circuit for all uses is a circuit used alternately or simultaneously for various
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telecommunication purposes (telephone calls, telegraph and phototelegraph transmissions, data transmission) including data processing. Such a circuit may also be divided by the customer into several telecommunication channels, on the understanding that the channels thus obtained may not be sub-leased. Definition of the accounting rate: see Recommendation D.000. Where, in automatic service, different rules are applied to the incoming and outgoing directions, for the purposes of § 1.2 the rules for the incoming direction should be used. For information, this maximun value at present lies between 1.5 and 1.8. 24 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.2 |
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2.2 |
0.75 7125 Lease of an ordinary quality telephone-type circuit in cases not specified in § 2.1 1.00 9500 2.3 No reduction is made for the lease of more than one telephone-type circuit. |
||
For the leasing of a telephone-type circuit of special quality in accordance with the specifications in Recommendation M.1020 [2] and M.1025 [3], each terminal Administration should apply an additional monthly charge in the range of 125 to 250 gold francs, or in the range of 40 to 80 special drawing rights (SDR).
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.2 25
The monthly charge for the lease of 48 kHz wideband circuits is equal to 10 times the charge made in the same relation and for the same period for a telephone-type circuit used under the conditions set out in § 2.1 above, i.e.:
Multiplication Equivalent coefficient number of minutes
48-kHz wideband circuit 7.5 71 | 50
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Multiplication Equivalent coefficient number of minutes 5.1 Lease of a 50-baud telegraph-type circuit 0.25 |
2375 |
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5.2 Lease of a 100-baud telegraph-type circuit 0.30 5.3 Lease of a 200-baud telegraph-type circuit 0.40 |
2850 3800 |
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5.4 No reduction is made for the lease of more than one telegraph-type circuit. References |
||
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[1] [2] |
CCITT Recommendation Characteristics of ordinary quality international leased circuits , Rec. M.1040. CCITT Recommendation Characteristics of special quality international leased circuits with special bandwidth conditioning , |
Rec. M.1020.
[3] CCITT Recommendation Characteristics of special quality international leased circuits with basic bandwidth conditioning , Rec. M.1025.
SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR THE LEASE OF INTERCONTINENTAL
TELECOMMUNICATION CIRCUITS FOR PRIVATE SERVICE
Preamble
This Recommendation, which should be applied in conjunction with the provisions of Recommendation D.1, sets out the special conditions intended for application to telecommunication circuits leased for private service between terminal countries located in different continents . However, in some intercontinental relations, the Administrations may agree to apply the provisions of Recommendation D.2.
26 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.3
1.1 The general principles and conditions contained in Recommendation D.1 apply to the lease of intercontinental telecommunication circuits
1.2 Each terminal Administration shall establish its share of the monthly rental to be charged for the lease of telecommunication circuits.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.3 27
1.3 When fixing rentals for intercontinental circuits, Administrations should take into account not only the cost of providing such services but also, among other factors, the need to harmonize the charges generally applied for leased circuit services with the rates for the corresponding public service.
1.4 A discount is not normally made for the lease of two or more such circuits to the same customer.
2.1 Monthly rentals shall be established by Administrations for the lease of such circuits used for the transmission of:
a) speech,
b) record communications, including telegraphy, facsimile telegraphy, VF telegraphy and data,
c) alternate or simultaneous voice/record or record/record communications, in so far as combinations thereof are technically feasible.
2.2 The monthly rental for 48-kHz wideband circuits should in principle be based on the application of a coefficient to the rental for a telephone-type circuit of standard bandwidth. The application of such a coefficient should normally result in a rental for these circuits between 8 and 12 times the telephone-type rental, although it is recognized that in particular instances coefficients not falling within this range may be appropriate. In establishing the specific coefficient, Administrations should take into consideration the principles set forth in § 1.3 above, as well as the value of the service to the customer, economies resulting from new or advanced technology, and other rate-making factors.
The rentals contemplated herein are for the circuit only, and may be supplemented, as appropriate, for special terminal arrangements and/or for special conditioning.
3.1 The lease of a standard 50-baud telegraph circuit is considered as the basis for establishing the charges for the lease of other types of telegraph circuits.
3.2 The lease of telegraph-type circuits with a transmission speed less than the 50-baud full character rate may be permitted, allowing:
a) half the standard character rate (half-speed | circuit),
b) a quarter of the standard character rate (quarter-speed | circuit).
The monthly rental established for half-speed and quarter-speed telegraph circuits should be approximately 67% and 40%, respectively, of the monthly rental for a standard 50-baud telegraph circuit.
In view of the structure of the costs incurred in providing fractional-speed telegraph circuits , Administrations may apply supplementary charging provisions. These provisions are given in Annex A.
3.3 When technical characteristics permit and subject to the agreement of Administrations, a standard 50-baud telegraph circuit may be operated at a modulation rate above 50 bauds, but not exceeding 75 bauds, for an additional charge of 10%.
3.4 The lease of telegraph-type circuits with the following modulation rates above 50 bauds may be permitted:
a) 100 bauds,
b) 200 bauds,
28 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.3
c) 300 bauds.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.3 29
3.5 Possible guidelines to be taken into account in the establishment of tariffs for telegraph-type leased circuits in intercontinental relations are given in Annex A.
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4.1 A digitized leased channel is one which is set up on a circuit equipped to transmit digital signals. analogue and digital sections Circuits having the following standard classes of basic bit rates may be provided by Administrations: 1200 bit/s 2400 bit/s 4800 bit/s 9600 bit/s |
This circuit may consist of both |
By agreement between Administrations concerned, circuits at bit rates not mentioned above may be offered on an optional basis.
4.2 Tariffs for leased digitized channels should be based on the following general principles:
-- establishment of a rational relationship between the tariffs applicable to the different classes of bit rates, with special attention to the structure of the costs involved;
-- establishment of the tariff of the 9600 bit/s channel at a level comparable with that of the telephone-type special quality analogue leased circuit (Recommendation M.1020 [1]) in the same relation;
-- establishment of the tariff of the 1200 bit/s channel at a higher level than that of a 300-baud telegraph-type circuit in the same relation.
Administrations may elect to make exceptions to the principles prescribed in §§ 2, 3 and 4 in the case of leased circuits which are provided by high-frequency radio facilities.
For the lease of a circuit having special qualities (for example, circuits meeting the technical specifications set out in Recommendations M.1020 [1]) and M.1025 [2] a monthly flat-rate charge , fixed without relation to the circuit rental and added to it, may be applied by terminal Administrations to take into account the cost of providing and maintaining the circuit with the special qualities required.
ANNEX A
(to Recommendation D.3)
Possible guidelines to be taken into account in the
establishment of tariffs for telegraph-type leased
circuits in intercontinental relations
When establishing tariffs for private leased telegraph-type circuits in intercontinental relations, Administrations may take into account the following provisions supplementing those already contained in Recommendation D.3.
Standardization of bit rates above 9600 bit/s is for further study. See also Recommendation D.8.
30 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.3
The rental charges may be established according to the structure of the costs incurred in supplying the service as well as other factors such as the tariffs applied to the corresponding public services in conformity with § 1.3.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.3 31
A.1 Telegraph circuits with modulation rates of 50 bauds and above
In determining these charges, multiplying coefficients are applied in order to establish a ratio between the tariffs applicable to the different types of circuit.
A telephone-type circuit of ordinary quality is taken as reference for establishing these tariffs.
As an exemple, the scale of coefficients may be as follows:
|
Coefficient Lease of a telephone-type circuit of ordinary quality |
1.00 |
||
|
Lease of a 200-baud telegraph-type circuit 0.40 Lease of a 100-baud telegraph-type circuit 0.30 Lease of a 50-baud telegraph-type circuit 0.25 |
Note -- It should be noted that, in accordance with § 3.1, the standard 50-baud telegraph circuit is taken as the basis for establishing the charges for other types of telegraph circuits. In this annex, coefficients based on the rental for telephone-type circuits have been used.
A.2 Telegraph circuits with a transmission speed less than a 50-baud full character rate (fractional-speed circuits)
In order to encourage greater utilization by users of 50-baud circuits rather than fractional-speed circuits, Administrations may adapt their charging system according to the following principle: progressive reduction of the tariff for 50-baud circuits, thereby reducing the difference between the tariff for a full-speed 50-baud circuit and the tariffs for fractional-speed circuits.
References
[1] CCITT Recommendation Characteristics of special quality international leased circuits with special bandwidth conditioning , Rec. M.1020.
[2] CCITT Recommendation Characteristics of special quality international leased circuits with basic bandwidth conditioning , Rec. M.1025.
SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR THE LEASE OF INTERNATIONAL
(CONTINENTAL AND INTERCONTINENTAL) SOUND- AND
TELEVISION-PROGRAMME CIRCUITS FOR PRIVATE SERVICE
Preamble
This Recommendation details the provisions applicable to leased international (continental and intercontinental) sound- and television-programme circuits and associated control circuits for private service. The provisions of this Recommendation should be applied in 32 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.4
conjunction with Recommendation D.1 except where specifically stated otherwise.
Sound- and television-programme circuits provided on an occasional basis are subject to the provisions of Recommendation D.180. Provisions governing the technical aspects and maintenance of sound- and television-programme circuits are contained in the J, M, and N Series Recommendations.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.4 33
1.1 The general principles as stated in § 1 of Recommendations D.1 and D.180, where applicable for leased international sound- and television-programme circuits, shall serve as the general principles for this Recommendation. The Administrations concerned may agree upon additional principles, if desired.
1.2 This Recommendation is intended to cover the use of circuits for sound- and television-programme transmission purposes only, unless otherwise agreed upon by the Administrations providing the circuits.
The definitions applicable to the lease of sound- and television-programme circuits are contained in § 2 of Recommendation D.180. Illustrative diagrams of such circuits are included herewith as examples for reference purposes. It should be noted that these diagrams, which are extracts from Recommendation D.180, do not cover all situations (e.g. leased sound- and television-programme circuits are not always routed by the international sound programme centres (ISPCs)/international television programme centres (ITPCs)).
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2.1 Constitution |
Constitution of sound- and television-programme connections |
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Figura 1/D.4, p. |
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34 Fascicle |
II.1 -- Rec. D.4 |
Figura 2/D.4, p. 3 Duration of the lease, charging and cancellation
3.1 This Recommendation applies to sound- and television-programme circuit leases for minimum periods as established by Administrations. The Recommendation shall apply to leases lasting normally not less than 24 hours taking into account the availability of the communications facilities used in the provision of these circuits (e.g. facilities may not be available in all cases for short-term use). If a circuit is cancelled at the request of a customer prior to the end of either the ordered or the minimum lease period, special charges may be applied as a result of early termination.
3.2 In the provision of leased sound- and television-programme circuits, Administrations should take into account the provisions of Recommendation D.1, § 2, where applicable.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.4 35
3.3 In establishing the charges for leased sound- and television-programme circuits, Administrations may take into account the provisions of Recommendation D.5, particularly with respect to the cost of providing the circuits and the need to avoid harmful competition among the different types of services provided by the Administrations concerned.
3.4 Administrations shall specify the period of notice required for cancellation prior to the initiation of service.
3.5 In the case of leased television-programme circuits, chargeable periods may commence on the day a circuit is activated and continue through the last day a circuit is furnished.
3.6 In calculating the chargeable terrestrial circuit lengths, Administrations shall apply the arrangements in Recommendation D.180, § 5.5. In special cases, Administrations may agree among themselves upon the chargeable circuit lengths (e.g. for submarine cables, radio-relay links with difficult terrain conditions, transit circuits, etc.).
3.7 Administrations may establish additional charges for special services rendered at the request of customers. Examples of these special service are:
-- the provision of leased programme circuits which are adapted for multiple use by means of equipment provided by Administrations;
-- the provision of switching units at the ends of leased programme circuits to allow their connection with other circuits, e.g. with occasionally provided programme circuits;
-- reversals in the direction of transmission;
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-- the establishment of special categories of circuits. |
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4 |
Collection of charges -- accounting 4.1 Each Administration involved in providing leased sound- and television-programme circuits shall establish its share of the monthly rental 4.2 In principle, such charges shall be collected by Administrations from their respective customers. In certain cases, the provisions in |
§§ 3.1.2 and 3.2 of Recommendation D.1 may apply.
5.1 In addition to the conditions specified herein, conditions for granting allowances for interruptions on leased sound- and television-programme circuits , with the exception of duration, shall follow the applicable provisions contained in § 5 of Recommendation D.1 and § 5.4 of Recommendation D.180.
5.2 The duration of interruption on leased sound-programme circuits before an allowance is initiated shall be equal to the periods stated in § 5.1 of Recommendation D.1.
5.3 The duration of interruption on leased television-programme circuits before an allowance is initiated shall be determined by the Administration concerned before service is started. In no case should this period be greater than the period indicated in § 5.1 of Recommendation D.1; generally, the period should be of a lesser duration than that stated in § 5.1 of Recommendation D.1.
6.1 Generally, leased sound- and television-programme circuits are unidirectional. In certain cases alternate two-way circuits are ordered by the customer.
6.2 As the use of circuits for routing programmes requires close collaboration on the part of the broadcasting organizations concerned, interconnected circuits may be made available by a customer to a coordinating body which acts as a user and operates the circuits in the form of a network. In establishing a network, Administrations should take account of the relevant parts of § 6 of Recommendation D.1 and §§ 5.1.5, 5.1.6 36 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.4
and 5.1.7 of Recommendation D.180.
6.3 Leased circuits established for the transmission of programmes may in turn be interconnected with circuits made available on an occasional basis by Administrations at the request of the broadcasting organizations
6.4 The interconnection of two or more networks may be authorized by the Administrations concerned.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.4 37
6.5 Generally, Administrations will not levy any construction charges for terrestrial circuits with a minimum lease period of one year or more. In the case of terrestrial circuits with a lease period of less than one year, Administrations may claim reimbursement for any construction costs incurred, as well as a reasonable compensation for the procurement of special equipement requested by the customer.
6.6 For satellite circuits, Administrations should take into account the terms and conditions of the provider of the international satellite system being utilized.
7.1 Types of sound circuits
7.1.1 The types of sound circuits that may be provided for the transmission of a sound programme, or a sound component of a television program, are referred to as shown in Table 1/D.4 for ordering and charging purposes.
H.T. [T1.4]
TABLE 1/D.4
center box; lw(90p) | lw(102p) .
|
Detailed technical parameters of some types are given in the Series J and N Recommendations. |
TABLE [T1.4], p. |
A stereophonic pair consists normally of two very-wide-band circuits, which must be carefully matched. Each circuit of a stereophonic pair may also be used separately for monophonic transmissions.
When the vertical blanking interval is used to transmit special signals specified by the CCIR (such as VITS, VIRS, DIS and captions for the deaf) no additionnal charge shall be levied provided that only information directly related to the switching, quality control or content of the television signal is transmitted.
COSTS AND VALUE OF SERVICES RENDERED AS FACTORS
IN THE FIXING OF RATES
1 The income from the totality of services provided by a telecommunication organization should cover all the costs incurred by that organization, namely:
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38 |
a) operating b) interest c) fiscal d) depreciation e) cost f ) capital Fascicle |
operating expenses; interest on capital involved; fiscal charges; depreciation of equipment; cost of research and development; capital investment (as required). II.1 -- Rec. D.5 |
For political or social reasons the rates for certain services may be so arranged that they do not cover all the costs involved. In addition, the rates applied should not create harmful competition among the various telecommunication services.
2 The CCITT therefore considers that the rates for the various telecommunication services should be such that they cover the items of expenditure listed above.
However, in view of the difficulty of applying rates based on these criteria, in certain cases, for the political or social reasons mentioned above, the CCITT considers that the overall balance in the telecommunication services required should be achieved by applying an increase factor to the rates of other telecommunication services in the same telecommunication organization which will compensate for the deficit incurred by services run at a loss.
In determining this increase factor, the value of the service rendered to the user should be taken into consideration.
In any case the rates adopted should be such as to avoid harmful competition among the different types of service provided by the organization concerned.
Recognizing that a telecommunication service is of the greatest importance for the economic and social life of every country, the CCITT recommends that the surplus income from the telecommunication services considered as a whole should not be greater than the amount required for the efficient running of these services.
GENERAL PRINCIPLES FOR THE PROVISION OF INTERNATIONAL |
TELECOMMUNICATIONS
FACILITIES TO ORGANIZATIONS FORMED |
TO MEET THE SPECIALIZED
INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION NEEDS |
OF THEIR MEMBERS
(Geneva, 1980)
Preamble
This Recommendation sets out the general principles and conditions applicable in exceptional circumstances where Administrations may provide international telecommunications facilities to organizations formed to meet the specialized international communication needs of their members.
Recognizing that the conditions stated here are set out for exceptional circumstances, when applying this Recommendation, Administrations should always keep in mind their inherent responsibility for providing telecommunication services and make their best effort to meet specific requirements as promptly as possible by their own public services or specialized networks.
The provisions of this Recommendation do not apply in the case of international leased circuits made available to customers under the provisions of Recommendations D.1, D.2 and D.3.
1.1 Considering that (circuit, message, packet, etc.) switching and transmission are the exclusive function of Administrations, they must continue to endeavour to meet the specific requirements of customers by providing a wide range of international public services or by setting-up specialized networks for customers.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.6 39
1.2 However, Administrations may, exceptionally and subject to national legislation, make available international telecommunications facilities for a use which cannot be authorized under the provisions of Recommendations D.1, D.2 and D.3 and which cannot be met by existing public services. These facilities may be provided for a period until new public services or specialized networks which meet the reasonable requirements involved become available, as further specified in § 2.4.
40 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.6
1.3 Such facilities can be made available only by special arrangements between the Administrations concerned and the customer. These arrangements must specify in particular the facilities to be provided by the Administrations concerned. These facilities need not be limited to the provision of circuits, but may also include the supplying of multiplexing, concentration and switching facilities.
2.1 Administrations may authorize the exceptional use of such facilities made available to those organizations formed to meet the specialized international communication needs of their members only if such members have common interests and exercize the same activities in areas other than telecommunications.
2.2 Such authorization should not lead to the setting-up of private networks for the benefit of separate entities which do not meet the requirements set out in § 2.1 above.
2.3 The Administrations concerned may establish by common or individual agreement the terms and conditions of use of the international telecommunication facilities provided to the above-mentioned organizations.
2.4 The authorization may be limited to a fixed period of time. Administrations reserve the right to substitute for the facilities made available under this Recommendation services provided by them when such services have evolved to accommodate the customer requirements. For the purpose of ensuring that both technical and operational requirements are met and of establishing a suitable transition period, consultation with the customer would take place before the substitution
2.5 If national legislation prohibits placing at the disposal of such organizations international telecommunication facilities, the Administration concerned has the right to refuse to grant the authorization to these organizations.
2.6 The provision of the international telecommunications facilities referred to in §§ 1.2 and 1.3 above is dependent on information being supplied on request to all the Administrations which would include:
|
a) b) c) d) |
technical equipment to be installed, list of international circuits which should be made available, detailed description of the planned utilization of these circuits, a list of member users. |
2.7 In certain cases the Administrations may, after consultation with the organization in question, require that certain equipment intended for the operation of the circuits concerned (for example, switching, concentration or multiplexing equipment):
a) be installed on the Administration's premises and/or
b) be provided by the Administration.
2.8 The Administrations are in no way held responsible for the quality of end-to-end transmission of the circuits made available when these circuits are interconnected and when the Administrations do not themselves operate the different parts of the network.
3.1 The provision of international telecommunication facilities is subject to tariffs which take account of the volume of information transmitted, the unit of traffic measurement chosen and the origin and destination of information transmitted. The charge may also include a fixed component, which takes into account the nature of the traffic and the facilities provided by the Administration.
The Administrations concerned reserve the right to apply a minimum charge for the facilities provided.
Italy has expressed reservations with regard to the application of the provisions in this section.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.6 41
3.2 The Administrations determine by agreement the methods by which the traffic routed over these facilities must be measured, i.e.:
-- unit of measurement chosen (for example, bit, character, segment, message),
-- method of measuring the traffic carried (continuous records, samples).
3.3 Normally, the collection of information relating to the utilization component (i.e., time, character, packets, etc.) should be performed by the Administrations involved in provision of the facilities. However, the Administrations may require the customer to provide such data for charging purposes.
3.4 The level of charges is determined by the Administrations concerned, taking into account the provisions of Recommendation D.5 and certain factors such as the nature of the facilities provided to the customer and the tariffs which may be determined for international public services.
SPECIAL CONDITIONS FOR THE LEASE OF INTERNATIONAL
END-TO-END DIGITAL CIRCUITS FOR PRIVATE SERVICE
(Melbourne, 1988)
This Recommendation, which should be applied in conjunction with the provisions of Recommendation D.1, sets out the special conditions applicable to the leasing of international end-to-end digital circuits for private service.
An end-to-end digital leased circuit is one which uses exclusively digital transmission technology for the routing of information
in the form of bit streams. The circuit may be established by conventional physical transmission media (coaxial cables or radio-relay links), by optical fibre cables, or by satellite links.
It may also consist of sections combining the different media indicated above.
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42 |
Circuits having the following standard classes of basic bit rates may be provided by Administrations for their customers: -- 2400 bit/s -- 4800 bit/s -- 9600 bit/s -- 32 kbit/s -- 56/64 kbit/s -- 1544/2048 kbit/s. Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.8 |
By agreement between Administrations, circuits at bit rates other than those mentioned above may be offered to meet specific customer requirements.
Tariffs for end-to-end digital leased circuits should, in principle, be based on the following general principles:
a) when establishing tariffs, the 56/64 kbit/s leased circuit should be taken as the reference service;
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.8 43
|
b) -- -- -- c) |
a rational relationship should be established between the tariffs applicable to different classes of bit rates, with special attention to: the structure of the costs incurred, the capacity placed at the customer's disposal, service quality parameters; Administrations may adopt different tariff structures to take into account both the different media and/or facilities used, and the |
varying costs of national and/or local extensions which may be needed to provide the service.
PRIVATE LEASING OF TRANSMITTERS OR RECEIVERS
1 There are no objections in principle to the lease of transmitters or receivers to users interested only in sending or receiving spoken messages or pictures, provided of course that such arrangements are compatible with the responsibilities which Administrations have accepted by their adherence to the International Telecommunication Convention and associated Regulations.
2 Charges for the lease of such equipment should be determined by the Administration concerned and they would not appear in international accounts.
3 Conditions to be met by lessees of transmitters or receivers should in principle be as follows:
a) the radiocommunications in question must not contain any advertisement or message of a private character;
b) names and addresses of senders and intended recipients must be made known to all Administrations, each one of which shall decide, in respect of recipients in its own territory, whether or not to permit participation. Any alterations should also be notified promptly;
c) the Administrations concerned shall take all practicable steps to ensure that communications shall only be used by authorized recipients and that the provisions of the Convention as regards secrecy of telecommunications are observed;
d) transmissions shall be at fixed times and, in the case of spoken messages, in pre-arranged languages;
e) such other conditions as may be required by national law.
4 Where the lease of a transmitter in one country and a receiver in another country is required to provide a unidirectional circuit, or even where a multi-destination service is envisaged, Administrations concerned, although retaining the right to determine the charges for equipment leased in their own country may nevertheless, if they think it desirable, consult with each other in order to ensure that overall charges do not prejudice public service tariff scales.
Reference
[1] CCITT Recommendation Operation of intercontinental telephone services (initial system) , White Book, Vol. II-A, Rec. E.142, Section H, ITU, Geneva, 1969.
Formerly a part of the Recommendation cited in [1].
44 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.9
MONTAGE: PAGE 30 = PAGE BLANCHE
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.9 45
SECTION 2
TARIFF PRINCIPLES APPLYING TO DATA COMMUNICATION SERVICES
OVER DEDICATED PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS
GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES FOR INTERNATIONAL
PUBLIC DATA COMMUNICATION SERVICES
Preamble
This Recommendation sets out the general principles and conditions applicable by Administrations to data communication services over international public networks dedicated to this type of communication time in terms of the diversity of application and flexibility is therefore essential.
The tariff principles contained in this Recommendation do not apply to leased circuits for private use (see Recommendation D.1).
1.1 A public data communication service is a data communication service established and operated by an Administration by means of a public data network dedicated to this type of communication.
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2.1 |
General principles 2.1.1 Tariffs developed for public data communication service should: -- take into account the provisions of Recommendation D.5; -- take into account tariff relationships with other services provided by |
by the Administrations; |
|
|
-- be flexible enough to enable new needs to be accommodated as the -- be as administratively simple as possible; -- take into account the geographical configuration of countries; -- not impart undue advantage or disadvantage to any category of user; |
the service develops; user; |
||
|
-- encourage customer choice depending upon his needs as to the |
use of circuit or packet-switched services where the alternative |
exists;
46 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.10
-- be such as to encourage the use of public data network, meet the needs of as many users as possible, and promote optimum growth and utilization of the network;
-- be easily understood by subscribers;
-- sustain the service on a long-term basis.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.10 47
2.1.2 For public data communication services, each Administration should, subject to the applicable national law, establish the charges to be collected from its customers; in so doing, Administrations should make every effort to avoid too great a dissymmetry between the charges applicable in each direction of the same relation.
2.2 Tariff components
2.2.1 The tariff should normally consist of two components: the network access component and the network utilization component.
2.2.2 The network access component, normally intended to cover the cost of making the service available, represents the cost of the service which is not dependent on network utilization.
2.2.3 The network utilization component normally covers the costs which are dependent on network utilization.
2.2.4 Some factors which may be taken into account in developing tariffs include, for example:
|
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- While |
user class of service (see Recommendation X.1 [1]); optional user facilities (see Recommendation X.2 [2]); type of switching; volume of data and/or duration of call; distance; time (peak and off-peak periods); route; other functions. certain of the above factors may be more closely associated with one component or another, some may be associated with both. |
The particular application of some factors will depend on the type of switching employed.
3.1 Administrations should, by agreement, establish the overall accounting rate applicable in a given relation and divide that rate into terminal shares payable to the Administrations of the terminal countries and, where appropriate, into transit shares payable to the transit Administration(s). The same accounting rate should apply in both directions of a given relation. The overall accounting rate between two terminal countries should be the same irrespective of the route used.
3.2 Normally only the network utilization component should be considered for international accounts.
3.3 The gathering of information required for charging and accounting should normally be the responsibility of the calling Administration. Additionally, if the interconnection of dissimilar networks occurs at the called Administration, then the latter should be responsible for providing the calling Administration with the necessary data for charging and accounting.
4.1 Normally, the interconnection of dissimilar data networks (such as packet-to-circuit) should take place at the originating or terminating country Administration. However, conversion at a transit point may be provided if the originating, terminating and transit country Administrations agree.
48 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.10
4.2 In the cases where interworking is permitted, it is recommended that preference be given to the interworking alternatives which provide for the use of data circuits between international data communication centres ( gateways ).
4.3 Interconnection of a public data network with a public telephone/telex network in a transit country should be avoided.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.10 49
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4.4.1 |
4.4 Tariff principles in the case of interworking between dissimilar data networks shall be as follows: Collection charges 4.4.1.1 The charge shall be, according to the policy of the origin Administration, either: a) the international charge applicable to the originating network, or b) the charge for the international network used. 4.4.1.2 Where appropriate, charges may also be levied for additional facilities used in the country of origin, e.g. for the access network to, |
and/or the use of, a network interworking facility.
4.4.2 Accounting
International accounting should be based on the accounting rate for the international network used, irrespective of the collection charges applied.
Note -- The desirability and possibility of adjusting the accounting rates to include the cost of providing interworking facilities used for international data traffic needs further study in consultation with Study Group I and other relevant Study Groups.
References
[1] CCITT Recommendation International user classes of service in public data networks and integrated services digital networks (ISDNs), Rec. X.1.
[2] CCITT Recommendation International data transmission services and optional user facilities in public data networks , Rec. X.2.
SPECIAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES FOR INTERNATIONAL PACKET-SWITCHED
PUBLIC DATA COMMUNICATION SERVICES BY MEANS OF THE VIRTUAL
CALL FACILITY
(Geneva, 1980)
Preamble
This Recommendation, which should be applied in conjunction with the provisions of Recommendation D.10, sets out the special tariff principles intended for application to the international packet-switched public data communication service by means of the virtual call facility.
It is recommended that this is a rapidly developing field at the present time in terms of the diversity of application and flexibility is therefore essential.
50 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.11
Definition of virtual call (switched virtual connection) .
One service of the packet switched data transmission services in which a call set-up procedure and a call clearing procedure will determine a period of communication between two DTEs in which users' data will be transferred in the network in the packet mode of operation. All the users' data are delivered from the network in the same order in which they are received by the network.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.11 51
2.1 Chargeable calls
The following virtual calls are chargeable:
i) a call request for which the outgoing data switching exchange (DSE) sends to the calling DTE the call-connected packet after it receives the call-accepted packet from the called DTE (see the diagram in Figure 1/D.11);
ii) a call request which is cut off before the call-connected packet from the remote DSE is received by the local DSE, owing to one of the following reasons:
a) one of the DTEs sends a clear request packet;
b) remote procedure error of the DTE;
c) local procedure error of the DTE.
2.2 Administrations reserve the right to apply a charge to all call attempts. This charge should not apply if an unsuccessful call attempt is due to congestion or a fault in the Administration's equipment.
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3.1 The tariff for the service should consist of the following components: -- the network access component; -- the network utilization component. |
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3.2 |
Network access component 3.2.1 Access charges should be levied for each subscription and should normally be independent of network utilization. They may consist |
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of: |
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a) an initial fee (non-recurring); b) a subscription rental (payable at certain intervals, e.g. monthly, or quarterly, until the subscription is terminated). 3.2.2 Different access charges may apply for access from other public-switched networks, e.g. from the public telephone network to the |
packet-switched data network.
3.2.3 The access charges shall not be included in international accounts between Administrations and their establishment is strictly a national matter.
3.3 Network utilization component
3.3.1 The charges relating to the network utilization component should be proportional to the volume of information transmitted and to the duration of communication and should be calculated in accordance with the methods prescribed in §§ 3.3.2 and 3.3.3 below.
52 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.11
3.3.2 The volume of information transmitted should be measured and expressed in conformity with Recommendation D.12.
3.3.2.1 Any chargeable packet other than the data packet should be considered as a packet for which a charge corresponding to a segment is levied.
3.3.2.2 The following packets are chargeable :
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-- -- -- -- |
data packet ; interrupt packet ; call request/call incoming packet ; reset request/reset indication packet , provided the cause of call reset is either DTE originated, local procedure error or remote |
procedure error;
-- clear request (when the fast select facility is signalled in the call request packet without restrictions).
Further study for the completion of the list of chargeable calls and chargeable packets for international
services may be required.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.11 53
Figure 1/D.11, p. 54 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.11
3.3.3 The chargeable duration of a communication should be calculated on the basis of the information below.
3.3.3.1 The duration of communication (see the diagram in Figure 1/D.11) should be measured and expressed in terms of a unit being equal to one minute.
3.3.3.2 The duration of the communication should be the interval between:
-- the moment when the call-connected packet or the call-accepted packet is sent or received by the charging DSE where the recording of the duration takes place,
and
-- the moment when the clear request packet or the clear indication packet is received or sent by the charging DSE.
3.3.3.3 If the duration of communication thus obtained contains a fraction of a minute, it should be rounded up to the next whole minute.
3.3.3.4 For a chargeable call as provided in § 2.1 ii) above, Administrations may apply a duration charge equal to one unit in addition to the charge in accordance with § 3.3.2.1.
MEASUREMENT UNIT FOR CHARGING BY VOLUME IN THE
INTERNATIONAL PACKET-SWITCHED DATA COMMUNICATION SERVICE
(Geneva, 1980)
The CCITT,
considering
the need to define a unit measuring the volume of information transmitted in an international packet-switched data communication service;
taking into account
the characteristics of packet-switched data communication services, including particularly those defined in Recommendations X.1 [1], X.2 [2], X.3 [3] and X.25 [4]; and
the definition of data transmission messages, also called ``complete packet sequences'' [5];
unanimously declares the following:
(1) definition | of segment : the measurement unit used for charging for the volume of information transmitted in a packet-switched service is independent of the maximum packet length. It is called a segment and its length is 64 octets ;
(2) operating rule: | the quantity of chargeable data contained in each message is expressed as a number of segments and is rounded off to the next higher unit.
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The charging Administration should, in principle, obtain the information required for charging purposes. Therefore, in the case of a call using the reverse charging facility, it is the called Administration which is responsible for obtaining charging information. This number is subject to further study. |
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.12 55
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[1] [2] [3] [4] |
References CCITT Recommendation International user classes of service in public data networks and ISDNs , Rec. X.1. CCITT Recommendation International data transmission services and optional user facilities in public data networks , Rec. X.2. CCITT Recommendation Packet assembly/disassembly facility (PAD) in a public data network , Rec. X.3. CCITT Recommendation Interface between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit terminating equipment (DCE) for |
terminals operating in the packet mode on public data networks , Rec. X.25.
[5] Ibid. , § 4.3.5.
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GUIDING PRINCIPLES TO GOVERN THE APPORTIONMENT OF ACCOUNTING RATES IN INTERNATIONAL PACKET-SWITCHED PUBLIC DATA COMMUNICATION RELATIONS (Malaga-Torremolinos, 1984) |
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The CCITT, considering |
(a) that it would be desirable to establish certain guiding principles to govern the apportionment of accounting rates in international relations;
(b) that, for reasons of equity, it would be desirable for the accounting rate to be shared by the participating Administrations (terminal or transit) in proportions which take account of the service provided by each of these Administrations;
(c) that the commercial policy and the operating costs can be significantly different for Administrations and, therefore, it is necessary that different sharing arrangements be permitted,
recommends
General principles
In an international packet-switched public data communication relation, the bilateral or multilateral agreement between the Administrations concerned should normally establish the same accounting rate for both directions of the relation regardless of the route utilized.
1.1 A direct relation is one between two terminal Administrations where traffic is routed over direct circuits, that is, over circuits provided for the exclusive use of the terminal Administrations.
1.2 For the routing of traffic over direct circuits, the accounting rate is in principle divided between the Administrations of the terminal countries on a 50/50 basis for both directions of traffic. Proportions other than 50/50 may be used when the intercontinental facilities made available by each of the Administrations of the terminal countries are not approximately equivalent.
56 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.13
2.1 A transit relation is a relation between two terminal Administrations where traffic is routed by switching in an international transit exchange (or exchanges) located in a country (or countries) other than the country of origin or the country of destination.
2.2 In a transit relation, the accounting rate should normally be divided into two terminal shares and one or more transit shares depending upon the circumstances.
In negotiations concerning the division of the accounting rate, it is recommended that the balance of the accounting rate, after deduction of the transit shares, be divided equitably between the terminal Administrations concerned.
For example, a division of 50/50 may be used when the facilities provided by the terminal Administrations are approximately equivalent. Proportions other than 50/50 may be used when the facilities made available by each of the Administrations of the terminal countries are not approximately equivalent, or where a 50/50 division would not otherwise be equitable.
2.3 It is recommended that for international public data communication services by means of public data networks, the following revenue division guidelines be adopted by Administrations:
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-- or -- |
single transit relation: 40%, 20%, 40% (terminal country, transit country, terminal country) 1/3, 1/3, 1/3 (terminal country, transit country, terminal country) double transit relation: 40%, 10%, 10%, 40% (terminal country, transit country, transit country, |
terminal country) |
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or |
1/3, 1/6, 1/6, 1/3 (terminal country, transit country, transit country, terminal country) |
2.4 More than two international transit points may result in degradation of the network operation and lead to the division of the accounting rate into many transit shares which would have a detrimental financial effect. An agreement requiring more than two transit points should be avoided when selecting transit routes and negotiating the division of the accounting rate. However, in order to ensure flexibility of the network operation, more than two transit points may be permitted, on an exceptional basis. In this case, the division of the accounting rate shall be agreed upon among the Administrations concerned.
GENERAL CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES FOR NON-VOICE
SERVICES PROVIDED BY INTERWORKING BETWEEN PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS
(Melbourne, 1988)
The CCITT,
considering
(a) that, in order to support certain non-voice services, interworking between public data networks may be required;
(b) that, it is desirable to adopt general charging and accounting principles for these services when their provisioning requires interworking;
(c) that, in principle the interworking between these data networks takes place in the country of origin;
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.15 57
(d) the relevant Series D Recommendations, 58 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.15
recommends
1.1 The charge(s) shall be, according to the policy of the origin Administration, either:
a) the international charge(s) applicable to the originating data network, or
b) the charge(s) for the international data network used.
1.2 Where appropriate, (an) additional charge(s) may be applied for additional facilities, e.g., for the access network and/or the use of a network interworking unit in the origin, transit or destination country.
2.1 The level and division of the accounting rate(s) should be based on those normally applied to the international data network used, in accordance with the appropriate Series D Recommendations.
2.2 If an interworking unit in a destination country is used, the Administrations concerned should be entitled to remunerations which covers the costs of these facilities
2.2.1 Such a remuneration should be included in the international accounting by an additional amount to be added to the usual accounting rate(s) (for further study).
2.2.2 By bilateral agreement Administrations may establish an additional remuneration to cover the routing cost of the traffic within the destination country which is carried by using a different type of network in this country.
2.3 If an interworking unit is located in a transit country, different international networks will be involved. The determination of the appropriate accounting arrangement (including the remuneration for the interworking unit) is for further study.
SPECIAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES FOR THE INTERNATIONAL
CIRCUIT-SWITCHED PUBLIC DATA COMMUNICATION SERVICES
(Geneva, 1980)
Preamble
This Recommendation, which should be applied in conjunction with the provisions of Recommendation D.10, sets out the special tariff principles intended for application to the international circuit-switched public data communication service by means of public data networks.
Subject to bilateral agreement.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.20 59
Definition
The circuit-switched data communication service is defined as follows:
A service requiring the establishment of a circuit-switched data connection before data can be transferred between data terminal equipments.
60 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.20
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1.1 |
Tariff components 1.1.1 The tariff for the service should normally consist of two components: -- a network access component ; -- a network utilization component 1.1.2 The network access component, normally intended to cover the cost of making the service available, represents the cost of the |
service which is not dependent on network utilization.
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It corresponds to what is generally known as the ``network connection charges''. 1.1.3 The network utilization component normally covers the costs which are dependent on network utilization. |
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1.2 |
Network access component 1.2.1 Access charges should be levied for each subscription and should normally be independent of network utilization. They may consist |
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of: |
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a) an initial fee (non-recurring); b) a subscription rental (payable at certain intervals, e.g. monthly or quarterly, until the subscription is terminated). 1.2.2 Different access charges may apply for access from other public-switched networks, e.g. from the public telephone network to the |
circuit-switched data network.
1.2.3 The access charges may vary according to the user class of service and/or the geographical position of the connection in each country and/or the means of access to the service, or there may be single flat-rate charges irrespective of the user class of service, geographical position or means of access.
1.2.4 The access charges shall not be included in international accounts between Administrations and their establishment is strictly a national matter.
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1.3 1.3.1 |
Network utilization component Composition Charges for network utilization may consist of: a) for successful calls -- a call set-up charge, -- a minimum charge, -- a communication charge; |
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.20 61 |
b) for unsuccessful calls
-- a call attempt charge.
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1.3.2 |
Call set-up and call attempt charges 1.3.2.1 These charges may vary according to: -- user class of service; -- geographical distance between the data terminal equipments (DTEs); -- day of the week/time of the day; -- other factors. 1.3.2.2 These charges may be either fixed amount or amounts set in relation to the communication charge (see § 1.3.4); for example, they |
may correspond to the charge for a communication of a certain duration.
62 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.20
1.3.2.3 The call attempt charge should not apply if an unsuccessful call attempt is due to congestion or a fault in the Administration's equipment.
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1.3.3 |
Minimum charge Normally, the amount of the minimum charge is equal to the charge for a communication of a certain duration (see § 1.3.4). |
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1.3.4 |
Communication charge 1.3.4.1 The communication charge depends on the duration of the communication and may vary according to: -- user class of service; -- geographical distance between the DTEs; -- day of the week/time of the day; -- other factors. 1.3.4.2 The duration of a communication is determined according to the time during which two DTEs are connected to each other. The |
duration should be measured in seconds or fractions of a second.
1.3.4.3 The communication charge is expressed | as a charge per minute.
2.1 The establishment of the collection charge is a national matter. Whilst in general, Administrations correlate collection charges and accounting rates, it is recognized that the two may not necessarily be the same.
2.2 As a general principle, Administrations should make every effort to avoid too large a dissymetry between the collection charges applicable in each direction of the same relation.
3.1 Accounting rate shares corresponding only to the communication charges (§ 1.3.4 of this Recommendation) should be established. No international accounting should take place as regards other possible charges for network utilization.
3.2 The accounting rates should be expressed as a rate per minute.
3.3 For international accounting purposes, the duration of communications should be established in accord ance with the provisions of § 1.3.4.2.
3.4 Normally, the accumulated sum of communication duration between the Administrations concerned during one month should be used for calculating the remuneration due to each Administration.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.20 63
4.1 The accounting rates agreed between Administrations should normally be based on costs obtained through cost studies carried out by the Administrations.
4.2 When, for different reasons, Administrations are not able to make cost studies, the accounting rates for circuit-switched public data traffic could be related to the accounting rate applied for telephone traffic in the same relation. Thus the accounting rate (including possible transit shares) for data traffic could be achieved by multiplying the accounting rate for telephone traffic by suitable coefficients.
64 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.20
The coefficients indicated below have been used in the European Region and could serve as guidance for Administrations:
Signalling rate Coefficient | ua) 2400 bit/s 0.70 4800 bit/s 1.00 9600 bit/s 1.50 a) The values of the coefficients are subject to further study.
4.3 For the remuneration of the costs of transit facilities Administrations may agree to apply fixed transit rates.
SPECIAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES FOR SHORT TRANSACTION TRANSMISSIONS
ON THE INTERNATIONAL PACKET SWITCHED PUBLIC DATA NETWORKS
USING THE FAST SELECT FACILITY WITH RESTRICTION
(Melbourne, 1988)
Preamble
This Recommendation, sets out special tariff principles to be applied by Administration to short transaction transmissions carried over packet switched public data networks in international relations.
It is recognized that this is a rapidly changing environment, and that the principles developed to attract different types of data transmission traffic to packet switched public data networks should be pursued in the most flexible way possible in order to secure the interests of both users and Administrations.
1.1 Short transaction transmissions -- short duration virtual calls for which the information to be exchanged is low in volume and which must be quickly transmitted through the network. Normally there are less than 100 characters of user data and less than 30 s in connect time per call.
1.2 A technical alternative to establishing a normal virtual call for short transaction transmission is the use of the fast select facility, with restriction on response, as defined in Recommendation X.25. This facility allows the user the ability to take advantage of up to 128 characters in the user data field of both the call request and clear request packets and to set up and clear down the call in the minimum amount of time feasible.
2.1 A unit charge should be established for charging for short transaction transmissions using the fast select facility with restriction. Under this method of charging, volume and duration are not charged separately.
3.1 Calls using the fast select facility with restriction may be accounted for on the basis of an agreed unit rate, or included in the accountable traffic on the basis of volume and duration.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.21 65
IMPLEMENTATION OF REVERSE CHARGING
ON INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC DATA COMMUNICATION SERVICES
(Malaga-Torremolinos, 1984)
This Recommendation sets out some preliminary guidelines for Administrations wishing to offer the optional reverse charging facility over international public data networks. It is recognized that this is a rapidly developing field at the present time and that the principle of offering such a facility should be pursued in the most flexible way possible in order to secure the interests of both users and Administrations. For this reason, this Recommendation outlines alternatives for accommodating reverse charging. The choice and application of a reverse charging facility is subject to bilateral agreement.
2.1 Reverse charging on international data networks is an optional facility that allows Administrations offering international data transmission on the public data networks to bill a party other than the calling party.
In order to provide guidelines to Administrations wishing to offer this facility, the following options are offered. The first two options apply to packet-switched data networks , while the other two options are applicable to both packet- and circuit-switched networks.
2.2 These alternatives are:
-- charges to be billed to the destination station by the destination Administration at the tariff charged by the destination Administration;
-- charges to be billed to an account number which is different from the calling number and is assigned to a guarantor;
-- charges to be billed to the called party by the Administration of the country of origin, by means of a guarantor arrangement made by the called party;
-- charges to be billed to the destination station by the originating Administration at the tariff charged by the originating Administration by means of the transferred account arrangement
3 ALTERNATIVE No. 1 -- Technical procedure to accommodate reverse charging using Recommendation X.75 [1]
3.1 Preamble
3.1.1 This alternative sets out a procedure whereby the variable component charge associated with a virtual call may be billed by the destination Administration to the called party at the rate charged by the destination Administration.
3.1.2 This procedure uses the reverse charging request facility and the reverse charging acceptance facility as specified in Recommendations X.25 [2] and X.75 [1].
Spain, France and Iran (Islamic Republic of) have expressed reservations concerning the application of this
Recommendation.
66 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30
3.1.3 All the details relative to this variable components which affect charging, consistent with the requirements of this solution, shall be
transmitted from the Administration of origin to the Administration of destination by such methods and formats as may be agreed bilaterally. Such information shall include as a minimum the following elements:
a) date of establishment of successful call;
b) time at which call was established (hour, minute, second);
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30 67
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c) d) e) f ) g) |
chargeable duration; volume of chargeable information transmitted; address of calling data terminal equipment; address of called data terminal equipment; identity of Administrations which have set up the call. |
3.1.4 There will normally be no requirement for the destination country to record or to receive information regarding the fixed component charge of the country of origin.
3.1.5 Accounting will be performed in accordance with the provisions of Recommendation D.10.
4.1 Preamble
It would be necessary to define a technical procedure whereby the network usage charges associated with an international public packet-switched data service are billed to a user other than the calling party by the Administration of origin at the rate charged by that Administration.
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4.2 |
Characteristics of this procedure This procedure should: 4.2.1 ensure optional implementation on a per call basis, 4.2.2 assume an agreement with the called subscriber for a given period of time, 4.2.3 allow billing at the rate charged by the Administration of origin, 4.2.4 ensure a precise identification by appropriate technical means of the guarantor (or account) representing the called subscriber in the |
country of origin and to whom the charges are to be billed.
On the other hand, this procedure should not complicate the call data processing for billing purposes.
The implementation of this alternative may require an extension of network utilities or the specification of other fields of optional user facilities , e.g. ``tariffs''.
4.3 Principle of realization
The realization may rely on the optional network user identification (NUI) facility as defined in the Series X Recommendaitons for billing purposes, among others.
The called subscriber's guarantor (or account) to whom the charges of the country of origin are to be applied is designated by this optional network user identification (NUI) facility.
The NUI is used by the calling party, on a per call basis.
68 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30
5.1 Preamble
5.1.1 This alternative sets out the procedure whereby the variable component charge and a relevant part of the fixed component charge (if applicable), associated with public data communication services, may be billed to the called party by the Administration of origin, at the rate charged by that Administration, by means of a guarantor arrangement made by the called party.
5.1.2 The guarantor service is one in which all variable charges for calls are charged to a guarantor residing in the country of origin and not the called subscribers in the destination country. The subscriber in the destination country indicates the network address to which the procedure is
to be applied. Moreover, the customer names the guarantor in the country of origin. This guarantor settles accounts with the subscriber in the destination country on a private basis.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30 69
5.2 Application procedure
a) The subscriber in the destination country who wishes to pay the charges for calls made to him from the country of origin notifies the Administration in the country of origin.
b) The notification is made either via the Administration of the destination country or via a branch of the subscriber or other authorized agent of the subscriber, in the country of origin.
c) The notification must contain:
-- the call number (or call numbers) in the destination country to which the reverse charging is to be applied (full indication of the international data number according to Recommendation X.121) [3];
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-- -- institution). d) |
the desired period for which the procedure is to be applied; the name of a guarantor residing in the country of origin to whom the charges are to be charged (e.g. a branch, a bank or a similar The guarantor mentioned under § 5.2 c) must make a legally binding statement to the Administration in the country of origin |
indicating that he is willing to pay the accruing telecommunications charges.
e) The Administration in the country of origin is entitled to reject a named guarantor without giving reasons. But in that case it should name guarantors that would be acceptable.
5.3 Recovery of the collection charges
The Administration in the country of origin identifies all calls made by subscribers in its own service area to the agreed call numbers of the customer in the destination country. The variable collection charges payable for these calls are not billed to the calling subscribers in the country
of origin but to the guarantor in the country of origin. The details of the telecommunication bill and the interval between the bills depend on the regulations in force in the country of origin.
5.4 International accounting
As the collection charges are collected in the country of origin, the Administration of the country of origin is responsible for international accounting.
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5.5 |
Termination of the agreement The termination of the agreement occurs: -- when the agreed period expires; or -- after notice has been given by the subscriber in the |
in the destination country; or |
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-- after notice has been given by the guarantor; or -- after notice has been given by the Administration |
or in the country of origin. |
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5.6 |
Time limits a) A notice given by the subscriber or |
the guarantor must be received by the Administration of the country of origin at least five |
working days before the planned termination of the procedure;
b) a notice given by the Administration of the country of origin must be received by the subscriber in the country of destination at least five working days before the planned termination of the procedure;
c) if the procedure is to be continued beyond the period originally agreed upon, the guarantee concerning payment, which is required according to § 5.2 d), must be received by the Administration of the country of origin at least five working days before the beginning of the new period;
70 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30
d) Administrations reserve the right to fix time limits other than those specified under §§ 5.6 a) to 5.6 c).
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30 71
6.1 Preamble
6.1.1 The international transferred account (TA) service is a service in which the Administrations concerned agree that the charges for calls set up via the international packet-switched data communication service may be paid by a third party that has accepted responsibility for payment rather than being charged to the caller. It is an optional facility and depends on mutual agreement between Administrations.
6.1.2 The term `` Guarantor Administration '' as used herein refers to the Administration responsible for the collection of transferred account (TA) charges and for the payment of such charges to the Administration of origin.
6.2 Requests for the TA service
6.2.1 Upon receipt of a request from the customer which agrees to pay the charges, that customer's Administration (Guarantor Administration) shall send a message to the Administration of origin, supplying the following information:
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1) 2) 3) 4) 5) |
name and address of the customer that has undertaken to pay the charges; name and address of the customer in the origin country authorized to use the TA service; date of entry into force and expiry of the authorization; destination country of the calls and, if necessary, name, address and national number of the destination TA service user; any other information considered necessary. |
6.2.2 The Guarantor Administration may request the customer responsible for payment of the charges to put down a deposit as a guarantee, the amount being fixed by the Administration.
6.3 Treatment of TA traffic
6.3.1 Except for surcharges and special charges (see § 6.4 below), TA traffic shall be accepted, routed and delivered under the same conditions as normal traffic.
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6.4 |
Surcharges and special charges 6.4.1 The origin Administration and the Guarantor Administration may levy a surcharge for each TA call |
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6.5 |
Accounting Traffic of the TA service shall not be treated differently from other traffic in the international accounts exchanged between Administrations. |
In particular, the TA indication shall not be mentioned in the monthly traffic accounts.
72 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30
6.6 Establishment and exchange of TA accounts
6.6.1 The origin Administration shall prepare a monthly-transferred account for each customer responsible for the payment of charges. Such statements shall include the following information:
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1) 2) 3) 4) |
name and address of origin Administration; month of acceptance of TA service; name and address of the Administration responsible for collecting the charges; name and address of the customer who has undertaken to pay the charges; |
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30 73 |
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5) 6) 7) involved and 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) |
date and reference number of the Guarantor Administration authorization; called national number; a call-by-call breakdown, with the total corresponding durations and traffic volume units agreed between the Administrations the respective amounts; fixed costs, if applicable; any other charge or surcharge levied by the origin Administration; total charges, including surcharges (if applicable); all charges should be presented in the currency of the origin country; total charges expressed in SDR or gold-franc (or other agreed currency), together with the relevant exchange rate. |
6.6.2 Any TA accounts failing to give these details may be returned to the origin Administration and the credit due shall be reduced by the total of the rejected accounts.
6.6.3 A monthly recapitulatory statement of TA accounts shall be prepared by the origin Administration for the Guarantor Administration. This statement shall recapitulate the individual accounts of the customers responsible for the payment of TA data charges.
6.6.4 The recapitulatory statement and the individual accounts may be mailed or sent by data transmission to the Guarantor Administration, according to the procedure agreed between Administrations. When sending the statement and the accounts by post, the origin Administration shall furnish at least two copies of these accounting documents.
6.6.5 A period of up to two months following the acceptance of the traffic may be allowed for the preparation and dispatch of these accounting documents to the Administration concerned.
6.6.6 Any additional information required regarding monthly TA statements shall be requested by the Guarantor Administration from the Administration that has prepared the TA accounts within one month of their receipt. When this period expires, the amount concerned shall be included in the quarterly TA service accounts for settlement.
6.6.7 Any adjustments arising from discrepancies still not resolved on expiry of the month referred to in § 6.6.6 shall be settled in subsequent accounts, as agreed between the Administrations concerned.
6.7 Settlement of accounts
6.7.1 Unless any alternative settlement procedures are adopted by the Administrations concerned, quarterly TA balances shall be settled in accordance with the settlement provisions set out in the International Telecommunication Convention and the Telegraph and Telephone Regulations [4].
6.8 Liability for collection of charges
The Administration that has accepted responsibility for the collection of charges guarantees payment of the TA charges to the other Administrations.
References
[1] CCITT Recommendation Terminal and transit call control procedures and data transfer system on international circuits between packet-switched data networks , Rec. X.75.
[2] CCITT Recommendation Interface between data terminal equipment (DTE) and data circuit terminating equipment (DCE) for terminals operating in the packet mode on public data networks , Rec. X.25.
74 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30
[3] CCITT Recommendation International numbering plan for public data networks , Rec. X.121.
[4] Final Acts of the World Administrative Telegraph and Telephone Conference, Telegraph Regulations, Telephone Regulations , ITU, Geneva, 1973 (see also the Preliminary Note No. 3, page XIV).
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.30 75
GENERAL CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING PRINCIPLES IN THE
|
Preamble |
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC INTERPERSONAL MESSAGING (IPM) SERVICE (Melbourne, 1988) |
This Recommendation, sets out the general principles for charging and accounting to be applied by Administration for the provision of an international Interpersonal Messaging (IPM) service. Recognizing that requirements may vary among Administrations, it provides for some flexibility in the application of the tariffs.
The CCITT,
considering
(a) that given the early stage of implementation of this service, tariff principles must be flexible enough to accommodate new developments of the service;
(b) that it would be desirable to establish certain guiding principles in respect of collection charges and accounting rates in the international IPM service;
c) that collection charges are a national matter,
taking into account
the characteristics of the IPM service, as defined in the F.400 series Recommendations,
recommends
|
1.1 |
Basic IPM service (as defined in Recommendation F.400) The collection charges may consist of elements such as: a) a service access component. This may comprise: -- an initial fee (non recurring); -- a subscription rental (payable at certain intervals). b) a service utilization component, |
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76 |
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.35 |
c) a charge to cover the use of the international network used (i.e., in principle, the PSPDN).
1.2 IPM service optional user facilities (as defined in Recommendation F.400)
These elements of service may be selected by the user on a per message basis or for an agreed contractual period of time. An additional collection charge may be applied for the use of these facilities to compensate for the additional resources used.
2.1 Basic IPM service
2.1.1 The normal accounting arrangement for the international network used should apply (i.e., in principle, the PSPDN).
2.1.2 Subject to bilateral agreement, an additional accounting component for the international IPM service usage may apply. The component may be based on message size.
2.2 IPM service optional user facilities
In addition to the components detailed in § 2.1 above, accounting components for optional user facilities may apply. Details are for further study.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.35 77
SECTION 3
CHARGING AND ACCOUNTING IN THE
INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC TELEGRAM SERVICE
GENERAL TARIFF PRINCIPLES APPLICABLE TO TELEGRAMS
EXCHANGED IN THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC TELEGRAM SERVICE
(Geneva, 1980, amended at Melbourne, 1988)
1.1 Basic features of the per word and binary tariff systems
Every telegram gives rise, at acceptance and on delivery, to fixed costs which are practically the same for all telegrams, except for the telegrams bearing the service indication ``urgent'', and, at transmission, to costs which vary with the number of words. The per word tariff system, under which each telegram is charged for exclusively according to the number of words, makes no clear distinction between these two types of cost. On the other hand, both tariff components are taken into account in the binary telegraph tariff system which consists of:
a) a rate per telegram, and
b) a rate per word,
as indicated in § A.24 of Recommendation D.000.
This Recommendation describes the two tariff systems, leaving to Administrations the choice of the system they wish to apply.
1.2 Other tariff systems for telegrams
This Recommendation does not apply to telegrams for which accounting rates and/or collection charges are established on a basis other than that described in § 1.1 above, and for which the appropriate provisions are being drawn up separately.
An explanation of some of the terms or of some of the expressions used in this Recommendation is given in Recommendation D.000.
78 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.40
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| 3.1 |
Determination by mutual agreement |
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3.1.1 Accounting rates may be determined: -- by the per word tariff system, or -- by applying a binary tariff system. 3.1.2 If the terminal Administrations cannot reach an agreement on the tariff system to be used, the system currently in force shall continue |
to apply.
3.1.3 Accounting rates are exclusive of any tax or fiscal levy.
3.2 Special characteristics of the per word tariff system
In the per word tariff system, accounting rates are determined per word purely and simply. A minimum rate is applied to each telegram as follows:
|
-- -- |
7 words for ordinary or urgent telegrams; 22 words for letter telegrams. |
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3.3 |
Special characteristics of the binary tariff system |
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In |
the binary tariff system, accounting rates are composed of a rate per telegram and of a rate per word. |
Application of a binary tariff system should normally entail, in the relation concerned:
-- discontinuance of a minimum rate for a certain number of words per telegram;
-- discontinuance of letter telegrams, subject to the provisions in § 5, d) below;
-- discontinuance of reduced charges for all telegrams except those concerning persons protected in time of war by the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 (RCT).
3.4 Terminal share
The terminal share fixed by an Administration for a particular relation with another country shall be the same irrespective of the route used (except in the case of determination of the terminal share in accordance with § 3.6.2 below).
3.4.1 Terminal shares determined by the per word tariff system
The Administrations or, at the discretion of the Administrations, the recognized private operating agencies, shall fix their terminal shares taking into account the actual cost.
|
Canada and the United States of America retain the right to maintain an additional rate for terminal traffic routed beyond the international centre. In relations with countries maintaining an additional rate for terminal traffic routed beyond the international centre, the Federal Republic of Germany reserves the right to maintain an additional rate for delivery of telegrams by special messenger. |
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.40 79
3.4.2 Terminal shares determined by the binary tariff system
3.4.2.1 The terminal share has two components as defined in § A.24 of Recommendation D.000.
3.4.2.2 In establishing the two terminal share components, the average numbers of words per telegram should be taken into account and the actual costs.
3.4.2.3 Since the fixed costs involved in the acceptance and delivery of telegrams represent the largest proportion of total costs, a fairly high rate per telegram is recommended, whereas the rate per word might be set at a lower level.
3.4.2.4 The rate per telegram should be the same for all classes of telegram except for telegrams bearing the service indication ``Urgent'' [see § 5 b) below], whereas the rate per word might vary according to the telegraph relation and class of telegram.
80 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.40
3.5 Transit shares
3.5.1 In both the per word and binary tariff systems, the transit shares are determined on the basis of the per word rate only.
3.5.2 The Administrations or, at the discretion of the Administrations concerned, the recognized private operating agencies, whose territory, installations or circuits are used for the transmission of telegrams between two terminal countries, shall fix their transit shares taking into account the actual cost.
3.5.3 In determining transit shares, it is recommended that a distinction should be made between different types of transit facility, such as:
|
-- -- -- 3.5.4 |
direct transit ; manual transit; automatic transit (via the Gentex network or an automatic retransmission centre). In relations where transit facilities are made available to Administrations of terminal countries in accordance with a flat-rate price |
procedure, the transit Administration is no longer credited with a transit share.
3.6 Accounting rate
3.6.1 The accounting rate is the sum of the terminal shares of the Administrations of the countries of origin and of destination and, where applicable, the transit shares of intermediate Administrations.
3.6.2 Administrations may, by agreement, fix the accounting rate applicable in a given relation and may divide that rate into terminal shares payable to the Administrations of the terminal countries and, where appropriate, into transit shares payable to the transit Administrations. The same accounting rate should apply in both directions of a given relation.
3.7 Notification to the ITU General Secretariat
3.7.1 Administrations shall notify their terminal and transit shares to the General Secretariat of the ITU.
3.7.2 Each Administration should fix and publish at least one (minimum) terminal rate expressed in special drawing rights or gold francs.
Footnotes to the effect that the terminal rate of one country corresponds to that fixed by the other country for a certain traffic relation, if the terminal rate of the latter country is higher than that of the former one, should be permissible.
3.8 Interval before application of new accounting rates
No new rate and no modification, either general or of detail, relative to the accounting rates shall be effective for countries other than those that establish the new rate or rate modification until fifteen days after it has been notified by the General Secretariat in the Operational Bulletin or, if necessary, in a circular telegram, excluding the dates of these communications, and it shall not be applied until the first of the month following the expiration of this period.
``Direct transit'' refers to the routing of traffic between two terminal countries through another country by a
direct telegraph link, without occasioning either manual transit or automatic retransmission (by means of a
retransmission centre) in the transit country.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.40 81
4.1 Each Administration shall, subject to the applicable provisions of national law, fix the charges to be collected from its public. In fixing these charges Administrations should try to avoid too large a difference between the charges applicable in each direction of the same relation. Although, in general, Administrations establish their collection charges according to the accounting rates, the two will not necessarily be the same because, for example:
a) in most countries, collection charges and accounting rates will be expressed in different currencies;
b) the value of national currencies can fluctuate relative to the monetary unit used for the establishment of international accounts;
82 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.40
c) the collection charges may be based on the binary tariff system and the accounting rate on the per word system or vice versa;
d) collection charges may be influenced by government policies;
e) Administrations frequently establish common collection charges for geographical zones or groups of countries.
4.2 The charge to the public in the origin country should in principle be the same, in a given relation, regardless of the route used for transmission of telegrams.
Having regard to the provisions of the Telegraph Regulations [1] and the CCITT Recommendations, the following rules shall be taken into consideration when fixing accounting rates and collection charges:
a) for the following classes of telegram, the accounting rate and collection charge are equal to those for an ordinary private telegram in the same relation, by the same route and having the same number of chargeable words:
|
-- -- -- -- |
telegrams relating to the safety of life (SVH), ETATPRIORITE and ETAT telegrams, URGENT RCT telegrams, meteorological telegrams (OBS), |
unless Administrations have agreed among themselves not to apply those rates and charges or to apply reduced rates and charges to the telegrams in question;
b) for telegrams bearing the service indication ``Urgent'', the accounting rate and the collection charge are equal to twice the rate and charge for an ordinary private telegram transmitted in the same relation, by the same route and having the same number of chargeable words;
c) for telegrams concerning persons protected in time of war by the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 (RCT), the accounting rate and the collection charge are reduced by 75%;
d) when the binary tariff system is applied by Administrations that are not in a position to discontinue letter telegrams, only the accounting rates and collection charges per word are reduced by 50% for letter telegrams, the rates per telegram remaining unchanged. In the per word tariff system, the accounting rates and collection charges are reduced by 50% for letter telegrams, taking account, however, of the minimum number of words set for this class of telegram.
6.1 Telegrams in transit
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Administrations which do not admit, in acceptance or in delivery, optional telegrams and certain Recommendation F.1, §§ A8 to A11), must accept them in transit. The transit shares due to these Administrations are optional telegrams or special services. 6.2 Telegraph service correspondence and franking privilege telegrams 6.2.1 The following shall be free of charge and shall not be entered in the international accounts: |
special services (see those applicable to the |
-- service telegrams relating to public international telecommunication and exchanged between those entitled to do so (see Recommendation F.1, §§ D2 to D5);
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.40 83
-- service advices relating to details of service or to the working of circuits and telegraph offices and to transmission of traffic;
-- official (ITU) franking privilege telegrams exchanged between the beneficiaries of franking privileges (see Recommendation F.1, §§ A249 and A250).
6.2.2 In the case of service advices initiated by the sender or the addressee, the Administration of origin may apply the charge corresponding to a telegram of the same length. This charge shall not be entered in the international accounts.
References
[1] Final Acts of the World Administrative Telephone and Telegraph Conference -- Telegraph Regulations -- Telephone Regulations , ITU, Geneva, 1973. (See also the Preliminary Note No. 3, page XIV.)
84 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.40
INTRODUCTION OF ACCOUNTING RATES BY ZONES
IN THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC TELEGRAM SERVICE
(Geneva, 1980)
The CCITT,
considering
(a) that a considerable number of accounting rates at present exist in the international public telegram service;
(b) that this complicates:
|
1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) |
the procedures for determining collection charges, the billing of customers for telegrams filed, the establishment of monthly accounts between Administrations, tariff studies, the publication of rates in the ITU Table of Telegraph Rates, and the writing of computer programs when these are used for service operation and accounting; |
(c) that during the last few years operational methods in the international public telegram service have undergone simplification and that the same should apply to accounting rates;
(d) that the public has difficulty in understanding the differences that may exist between the collection charges applicable to telegrams addressed to two neighbouring countries on the same continent, which may result from the fact that collection charges may be influenced by accounting rates;
(e) that, for reasons of equity, it would be desirable for the accounting rate to be shared by the participating Administrations (terminal and, possibly, transit) in proportions which take account of the service provided by each of these Administrations;
(f ) that, as a result of the survey conducted in 1978/1979 by the CCITT Secretariat on accounting rates and outpayments by a country of origin in its relations with countries in continents other than its own, it has been possible to arrive at average values for the accounting rates and outpayments;
(g) that these average values have been affected by special arrangements between certain countries in different continents and by the failure of certain Administrations to supply information;
(h) that, with a view to obtaining more realistic average values, it may be necessary, in the relevant calculations, to recognize that some traffic data or lack of traffic data evidently distorted the results;
(i) that the survey indicates that the average accounting rates vary considerably in certain intercontinental relations;
(j) that, in the interest of senders, in principle, there should not be more than a single charge for a telegram handed in in any country in one continent and addressed to any country in another continent;
recognizing
(1) that, in principle, uniformity of accounting rates, and thereby possibly collection charges, on a zonal basis is desirable;
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41 85
(2) that the introduction of such zonal accounting could in certain relations result in a reduction in the accounting rate with a consequential effect on collection charges;
(3) that for economic or political reasons a zonal accounting system is not immediately attainable by certain Administrations and, in the interim, Administrations may need to make other bilateral agreements until they are able to attain this objective,
86 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41
unanimously recommends
that, in their negotiations for the establishment of accounting rates between two continents in the international public telegram service, Administrations should be guided by the average values given in the tables annexed to this Recommendation. A long-term objective is for those rates exceeding 1.5 gold francs per ordinary word to be reduced to this level. This figure of 1.5 gold francs may need to be reviewed periodically to reflect changes in the costs of providing the international public telegram service.
ANNEX A
(to Recommendation D.41)
Results of the 1978/1979 survey on the accounting-rate shares and
accounting
rates applied in the international public telegram service
A.1 On the initiative of Working Party III/3 (Tariffs and accounting in the international telegram service), the CCITT Secretariat carried out in 1978/1979 an inquiry into the accounting-rate shares and accounting rates applied in the international public telegram service. The essential purpose of this enquiry was to determine the mean total amount per ordinary word paid by each country in its traffic to each of the continents other than that to which it belongs.
A.2 By 19 March 1979, replies had been received from:
|
In this annex, the word ``country'' means ``country or territory''. -- 19 countries in North America; -- 9 countries in South America; -- 20 countries in Asia; -- 4 countries in Australia (Oceania); and -- 28 countries in Europe. |
-- |
28 countries in Africa; |
In all, therefore, replies were received from 108 countries , which can be regarded as extremely satisfactory.
A.3 The results of the survey are summarized in Tables A-3/D.41 to A-8/D.41, which show for each of the countries replying to the questionnaire:
a) in column 1, the total number of words (in thousands), expressed as ordinary words, originating in the country and addressed to all the countries in all the continents other than that to which the country belongs;
b) in column 2, the mean accounting rate per word
| in gold francs) originating in the country in relations with all the countries in all the continents other than that to which the country belongs;
c) in column 3, the mean outpayment per ordinary word | n (gold francs) made by the country for traffic to each of the continents other than that to which it belongs.
At the base of columns 2 and 3, are also indicated the respective weighted averages
a) of the mean accounting rate per ordinary word | originating in each continent in its relations with each of the other continents, and
b) of the mean outpayment per ordinary word | originating in each continent in its relations with each of the other continents.
These weighted averages, expressed in gold francs , are summarized in the two tables A-1/D.41 and A-2/D.41.
Note -- The names of countries or territories given in Tables A-3/D.41 to A-8/D.41 have been used in column 3 of the ``List of telegraph offices open for international service'' [1].
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41 87
|
TABLEAU [TA1.41] p. TABLEAU [TA2.41] p. |
88 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41
CUADRO A3.D41 recup.´ Montage p. Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41 89
CUADRO A3.D41 - suite - recup.´ Montage p. 90 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41
CUADRO A4.D41 recup.´ Montage p. Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41 91
CUADRO A4.D41 - suite - recup.´ Montage p. 92 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41
CUADRO A5.D41 recup.´ Montage p. Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41 93
CUADRO A6.D41 recup.´ Montage p. 94 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41
CUADRO A6.D41 - suite - recup.´ Montage p. Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41 95
CUADRO A7.D41 recup.´ Montage p. 96 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41
CUADRO A8.D41 recup.´ Montage p. Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41 97
CUADRO A8.D41 - suite - recup.´ Montage p. 98 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.41
References
[1] List of telegraph offices open for international service , 25th edition, ITU, Geneva, 1983.
ACCOUNTING IN THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC TELEGRAM SERVICE
(Melbourne, 1988)
1.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, the origin Administration shall prepare the account of the accounting rates in respect of all telegrams that it has transmitted and forward the account to each of the Administrations concerned.
1.1.1 In direct relations the origin Administration shall credit the destination Administration and transit Administration(s), if any, with the share of the accounting rates accruing to each of them.
1.1.2 In indirect relations the origin Administration shall credit the transit Administration, with the shares of the overall accounting rates accruing to it and the destination Administration. The transit Administration shall credit the destination Administration with the share of the accounting rates accruing to the latter.
1.1.3 When two or more transit Administrations are involved, each transit Administration shall credit the next Administration with the total share of the accounting rates accruing to the latter and all the Administrations beyond its territory.
1.1.4 In the case of telegrams exchanged between countries within the same continental system, the origin Administration may, by agreement with all Administrations concerned, prepare the account of the accounting rates due in respect of all sections of the route to the destination, indicating separately the share that accrues to each Administration.
1.2 The Administration of the Member country of the Union in direct relation with the Administration of a country that is not a Member of the Union shall settle the accounts between the latter and the other contracting Administrations to which it has been intermediary in transmission.
2.1 The accounts should normally be based on the number of telegrams and/or words transmitted during the month, distinction being made between the various classes of telegram, and account being taken:
2.1.1 when necessary, of certain special charges (detailed in § 2.5);
2.1.2 of the minimum accounting rate(s) applicable to certain classes of telegram.
2.2 The accounting rates applicable to telegrams transmitted with the charges to be collected on delivery or through operation of the transferred account telegram and telematic service provided for in Recommendation D.41 and D.98, should be entered into the accounts in the regular manner.
2.3 The accounting rate that serves as the basis for division between Administrations should be that which results from the ordinary application of the accounting rates arranged between the Administrations concerned, without regard to errors in charging which may have occurred.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.42 99
2.4 The number of telegrams and/or chargeable words indicated by the office of origin should serve as the basis for the application of the accounting rate, except in cases where, following an error in transmission, a correction has been made by agreement between the office of origin and the office with which it is in correspondence.
2.5 Accessory charges and charges not recovered by the office of destination and collected by any other office, should be excluded from the accounts. Charges relative to paid service advices and to SVH telegrams for which the charges have not been collected by the office of origin as well as the surcharges for de luxe forms and any charges made for supplying copies of telegrams or for cancelling a telegram before transmission, shall also be excluded from the accounts.
2.6 When the transmission diverges from the route established by agreement in accordance with Recommendation D.40, §§ 3.6.2, the accounting rates shall be determined as follows:
100 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.42
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2.6.1 The terminal shares shall not be less than those applying over the normal route. 2.6.2 The transit shares of Administration that have not previously agreed to the diversion shall not be less than their normal declared transit |
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rates. |
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2.6.3 Any additional accounting rate costs arising from the diversion shall be borne by the Administration that effected the diversion. 2.6.4 Alternatively, the Admininistrations that have cooperated in the transmission of the telegram may agree to accept a reduction in their |
normal shares such that the sum of these shares is equal to the overall accounting rate over the normal route.
2.6.5 Telegrams transmitted exceptionally by telephone or telex shall be accounted for as telegrams.
2.7 Interruption of transmission
2.7.1 If, through interruption of a telegraph channel, a second transmission is made by a route other than that used originally (see Recommendation F.1, A170), only the accounting rate shares for the second transmission shall be entered in the international accounts.
2.7.2 The cost of forwarding, other than that of telegraphic transmission arising from the interruption of a telegraph channel and borne by the office having made use of this methods of forwarding (see Recommendation F.1, A171), shall not be entered in the international accounts.
2.8 Administrations may, by agreement of all parties involved, establish the accounts on the basis of a statistical or any other formula.
3.1 Unless otherwise agreed upon, the Administration responsible for collecting the charges shall establish a monthly account showing all the amounts owed and forward it to the Administrations concerned.
3.2 The accounts shall be sent as promptly as possible but in any case before the end of the third month following that to which they relate.
3.3 In principle, an account shall be considered as accepted without the need for specific notification of acceptance to the Administration that sent it.
3.4 Nevertheless, any Administration shall have the right to query the data in question during a period of two months after the receipt of the account but only to the extent necessary to bring any differences within mutually agreed limits.
3.5 In the absence of a specific agreement, it is recommended that enquiries related to monthly accounts should not be made unless the differences involved exceed those shown in Table 1/D.42. As soon as the difference involved no longer exceeds these limits, the revision should be stopped.
TABLE [T1.42], p.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.42 101
3.6 However, to avoid repetition of differences that are too small to entail a revision of the accounts, an Administration may draw the attention of the corresponding Administration, which has prepared the monthly account, to obvious errors and the latter Administration must take action on this information as soon as practicable to avoid similar errors occurring in the future.
3.7 In relations where specific agreements do not exist, a quarterly settlement statement showing the balances from the monthly accounts for the period to which it relates shall be prepared as quickly as possible by the creditor Administration and be forwarded in duplicate to the debtor Administration which, after verification, shall return one of the copies endorsed with its acceptance.
Payment of balances shall be made in accordance with Article 11 and Appendix 1 of the Telegraph Regulations [1].
References
[1] Final Acts of the World Administrative Telephone and Telegraph Conference (Geneva, 1973) -- Telegraph Regulations -- Telephone Regulations , ITU, Geneva, 1973. (See also the Preliminary Note No. 3, page XIV.)
PARTIAL AND TOTAL REFUND OF CHARGES IN THE
INTERNATIONAL TELEX SERVICE
(Melbourne, 1988)
1.1 Conditions and procedure for refunds
1.1.1 On request or following a claim regarding the performance of the service, a refund shall be made to the person who made the payment, subject to the conditions specified in § 2 below.
1.1.2 All claims for a refund of charges must be presented within four months from the date on which the telegram was handed in.
1.1.3 In general, every claim should be presented to the origin Administration and, whenever possible, should be accompanied by written evidence.
1.1.4 The claim may, however, be made by the addressee to the destination Administration, which shall decide whether it can take the necessary action or whether it should forward the claim to the origin Administration.
1.1.5 When a claim is recognized as well-founded by the Administrations concerned, subject to the conditions specified in §§ 3.1.1 and 3.1.2, the prescribed refund shall be made by the origin Administration.
1.1.6 A sender who does not reside in the country in which he tendered his telegram may make his claim to the origin Administration through another Administration. In this case the Administration that received the claim shall, if necessary, be deputed to effect the refund.
1.1.7 Failure to communicate a service advice of non-delivery to the sender or delay in doing so (see Recommendation F.1, A196) shall not give a right to the refund of the charge paid for the telegram.
102 Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.43
1.2 Procedures between Administrations
1.2.1 The Administration receiving a claim for a refund of charges shall initiate an investigation and if necessary shall send an inquiry to the destination Administration.
Fascicle II.1 -- Rec. D.43 103
1.2.2 On receipt of an enquiry as in § 1.2.1 above concerning a claim for a refund of charges, the appropriate office of the Administration concerned shall normally endeavour to complete the investigation in one month from the date of receiving the inquiry. In any case the Administration concerned shall reply to the originating Administration within one month.
1.2.3 If an investigation into a claim for refund of charges cannot be completed within one month in accordance with § 1.2.2, the Administration that originally received the claim shall advise the sender accordingly.
1.2.4 If no final reply is received from the destination Administration within 60 days from the date of the initial inquiry, then the investigation shall be considered closed and refund of charges shall be undertaken in accordance with § 3 below.
1.2.5 In principle, claims are forwarded to the central Administration indicated in the ITU List of Addresses [1]. However, any Administration may ask through a notification addressed to the ITU General Secretariat that complaints concerning its service should be forwarded to a specially appointed office. In such cases, the postal address of this office (including any telegraphic address and telex number and answer-back code) shall also be included in the ITU List of Addresses [1].
2.1 Telegrams not delivered to their destination or delivered too late
2.1.1 The total charge for a telegram that has not been delivered or has been delivered to the addressee too late shall be refunded subject to the conditions indicated in §§ 2.1.2 to 2.1.6.5. The refund shall not be made if non-delivery or delay is the result of an insufficient address or indistinct writing by the sender.
2.1.2 Provision § 2.1.1 applies for any telegram that, through the fault of the telegram service, has not reached the destination or has not been delivered to the addressee or to a postal service within a period of:
2.1.2.1 6 hours in the case of a telegram exchanged between two countries within the same continental system that are connected by a direct telegraph circuit;
2.1.2.2 12 hours in the case of a telegram exchanged between two countries within the same continental system but that are not connected by a direct telegraph circuit;
2.1.2.3 12 hours in the case of a telegram exchanged between two countries that are not within the same continental system but that are connected by a direct telegraph circuit;
2.1.2.4 24 hours in all other cases.
2.1.3 The periods of 12 and 24 hours mentioned above shall be reduced by half for SVH telegrams, telegrams relative to the application of the United Nations Charter, government telegrams with priority, meteorological telegrams, and also for ordinary private telegrams, and RCT telegrams when urgent transmission and delivery has been requested, and for service advices.
2.1.4 In the context of §§ 2.1.2.1 to 2.1.2.4, continents are regarded as Africa, Asia, Australia (including Oceania), Europe, North America and South America. Normally a continental system shall comprise all the countries of the respective continent and exceptionally those countries outside that continent that are declared by the respective Administrations to belong to that continental system.
2.1.5 Except for letter telegrams, the time periods indicated in §§ 2.1.2 (in its entirety) and 2.1.3 above shall be reckoned from the time of acceptance of the telegram.
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2.1.6 The 2.1.6.1 2.1.6.2 2.1.6.3 2.1.6.4 104 Fascicle |
2.1.6 The following shall not be included in the time periods indicated above: 2.1.6.1 The period during which offices are closed in respect of any relation when that is the cause of delay; 2.1.6.2 the night period; 2.1.6.3 the time occupied in postal conveyance; 2.1.6.4 the time occupied in express conveyance ; II.1 -- Rec. D.43 |
2.1.6.5 the period of retention of radiotelegrams at the land station, or on board a mobile station, as well as the time taken for the transmission over the radio circuits.
2.1.7 If the telegram has been the subject of a service advice of non-delivery because the address has been inadequate or has not been registered and if, later, the address has been corrected or supplemented by a service advice at the sender's request, the time periods for delivery shall be calculated as from the moment when this service advice was issued.
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2.2 Telegrams that have been stopped or cancelled
2.2.1 The total charge shall be refunded for any telegram that has been stopped in the course of transmission as the result of the interruption of a route, subject to the office of origin's having been advised of the stoppage of the telegram concerned.
2.2.2 The total charge shall be refunded for any telegram stopped through the application of the provisions of Articles 19 and 20 of the Convention [2].
2.2.3 For a telegram cancelled at the request of the sender before its transmission has begun, the charge shall be refunded.
2.3 Alterations or omissions
2.3.1 The total charge for the telegram shall be refunded when the name of the office of origin or the date of acceptance have been changed or altered in course of transmission with the result that the telegram has not fulfilled its purpose.
2.3.2 The charge for a word or words omitted in transmission shall be refunded, unless the total charge is refunded by application of §
2.3.3, or the error has been remedied by means of a service advice.
2.3.3 Unless the error has been remedied by means of a service advice, the total charge for a telegram shall be refunded when errors have been made in transmission or by omission of words and the origin Administration is satisfied that, in consequence, the meaning of a plain language telegram has been altered or rendered unintelligible.
2.4 Special services
2.4.1 The charges for special services not performed because of an error of service and also the charge for the relevant service indications shall be refunded.
2.5 Miscellaneous provisions
2.5.1 In the case provided for in §§ 2.1.1 to 2.1.7, 2.2.1 and 2.3.1 to 2.3.3, the refund shall apply only to the actual telegrams that have failed to be delivered or that have been cancelled, delayed or altered, including unused accessory charges, but not to telegrams that may have been caused, or rendered useless, by the non-delivery, delay or alteration.
2.5.2 When a land station advises the office of origin that a radiotelegram cannot be transmitted to the destination mobile station, the origin Administration refunds the sender the charges for any special services not performed.
2.5.3 When errors due to the telegram service have been corrected by service advice within the time periods resulting from the application §§ 2.1.2 to 2.1.6.5, no refund shall be due for the original telegram.
2.5.4 When errors due to the telegram service have not been corrected by service advices but by telegrams exchanged directly between the sender and the addressee, no refund shall be granted for such telegrams.
2.5.5 Amounts overcharged in error shall be refunded to the sender in accordance with the international regulations of each country.
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3.1 Refund of charges in cases specified in §§ 2.1.1 to 2.5.5
3.1.1 Whenever refund of charges arises from an error of service, it shall be borne by the origin Administration if the amount to be refunded based on the overall accounting rate for the whole or part of the telegram concerned does not exceed sixteen special drawing rights (16 SDRs) or fifty gold francs (G.fr. 50.00) (see § 3.1.3).
3.1.2 In cases where the amount to be refunded as specified in § 3.1.1 exceeds sixteen special drawing rights (16 SDRs) or fifty gold francs, (G.fr. 50.00) such refund shall be borne by the Administrations that have participated in the handling of the telegram, each of them foregoing the share of the overall accounting rate that has accrued to it.
3.1.3 In reckoning the limit sixteen special drawing rights (16.00 SDRs) or fifty gold francs (50.00 G.fr.) only the overall accounting rate per chargeable word of the original telegram shall be considered, excluding the charges for special services.
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3.1.4 The origin Administration shall refund the charge without preliminary inquiry if:
3.1.4.1 in case of non-delivery, the sender produces a statement by the office of destination certifying that the telegram was not received;
3.1.4.2 in case of delay or alteration, the sender proves the delay or alteration by producing the copy of the telegram delivered to the addressee or a certified copy or facsimile of the telegram;
3.1.5 The decision of the Administration that makes the refund shall be without appeal when the refund has been in conformity with this Recommendation.
3.1.6 When a refund has to be shared by the various Administrations concerned in the transmission, the origin Administration shall circulate the claim to the Administrations in question with a view to the application of § 3.1.2. The origin Administration shall also have the right to circulate any complaint, when, in the interest of the service, it considers an inquiry to be necessary.
3.1.7 In cases provided for in § 3.1.2, refund of the charges applicable to a special service not performed shall be borne by the Administration to which the charge has accrued.
3.1.8 In the cases contemplated in § 3.1.2, when a claim has been made and circulated within the period fixed in § 1.1.2 and the result has not been notified within the period fixed for the preservation of records, the Administration that received the claim shall refund the charge claimed and the refund shall be shared by the various Administrations that participated in the forwarding of the telegram.
3.1.9 Refund of charges for service advices shall be borne by the Administration that collected the charges.
3.2 Special provisions regarding refund of charges in the case of stoppage of telegrams
3.2.1 The refund of the charge for a telegram stopped by virtue of Articles 19 and 20 of the Convention [2] shall be borne by the Administration responsible to the Member that stopped the telegram. The limit fixed in § 3.1.1 does not apply.
3.2.2 When, however, that Member has notified in accordance with Article 20 of the Convention [2], the suspension of certain kinds of traffic, refund of charges of telegrams of this kind shall be borne by the origin Administration from the day following that on which the notification reached it.
References
[1] List of addresses of Administrations, recognized private operating agencies, international or regional organizations concerned with telecommunications, and scientific or industrial organizations participating in CCI activities , ITU, Geneva.
[2] International Telecommunication Convention , Nairobi, 1982.
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