Question 5/XV - Characteristics of direct transmission restoration systems of the 1+1 and N+M type (link protection switching) (Continuation of Question 8/XV 1985-88) Considering (1) that Recommendations G.180 and G.181 give the characteristics of 1+1 and N+M type systems for the direct transmission restoration of digital transmission equipment and links; (2) that these Recommendations are incomplete and include a number of provisional values; (3) that direct transmission restoration systems using non- regenerative equipment ensuring the switching of analogue as well as digital links appear to be of interest, 1. How may Recommendations G.180 and G.181 be completed? 2. May the provisional values be definitively recommended or, if not, how have they to be amended? 3. What characteristics should be recommended for direct transmission restoration systems using non-regenerative equipment ensuring the switching of analogue as well as digital links? Notes 1. The equipment studied under point 3 of the Question may be object of a separate Recommendation or included as special cases in Recommendations G.180 and G.181. 2. The study of this Question should be coordinated with the study of Questions 6/XV and 18/XV and 9/XV.